The goal of this article is to identify and explore the patterns of formation and development ofsmallerreligiousnonprofitserviceorganizations-thosethatoftenbegininthebasements of some religious congregations-and to examine the transitions that they go through to become viable, self-sustaining entities. Based on a review of the available literature and extensive fieldwork, the authors propose insights into these issues as well as suggestions regarding when external intervention and support are worthwhile.
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