Many national voluntary associations seem to be evolving toward
franchise-like systems in which national headquarters sanctions and
controls the operations of local affiliates. This paper identifies feder
ated movements as the type of association whose participants are
especially concerned about the evolution toward the franchise model.
The environmental factors and organizational dynamics that pro
mote central direction and standardization are identified, and the
issues facing these associations in attempting to balance the benefits
of central initiative and local autonomy are framed.
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