Alexopoulos, G. S., Vrontou, C., Kakuma, T., Meyers, B. S., Young, R. C., Klausner, E., et al. (1996). Disability in geriatric depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 877-885.
2.
Allen, S. M., & Mor, V. (1997). The prevalence and consequences of unmet need. Contrasts between older and younger adults with disability. Medical Care, 35, 1132-1148.
3.
Beekman, A. T., Deeg, D. J., Smit, J. H., & van Tilburg, W. (1995). Predicting the course of depression in the older population: Results from a community-based study in the Netherlands. Journal of Affective Disorders, 34, 41-49.
4.
Beekman, A. T., Kriegsman, D. M., Deeg, D. J., & van Tilburg, W. (1995). The association of physical health and depressive symptoms in the older population: Age and sex differences. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 30, 32-38.
5.
Beekman, A. T., Penninx, B. W., Deeg, D. J., De Beurs, E., Geerling, S. W., & van Tilburg, W. (2002). The impact of depression on the well-being, disability and use of services in older adults: A longitudinal perspective. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 105, 20-27.
6.
Berkman, L. F., Berkman, C. S., Kasl, S., Freeman, D. H., Jr., Leo, L., Ostfeld, A. M., et al. (1986). Depressive symptoms in relation to physical health and functioning in the elderly. American Journal of Epidemiology, 124, 372-388.
7.
Bijnen, F. C., Feskens, E. J., Caspersen, C. J., Giampaoli, S., Nissinen, A. M., Menotti, A., et al. (1996). Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among elderly men in Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands. American Journal of Epidemiology, 143, 553-561.
8.
Blazer, D. G., Hybels, C. F., & Pieper, C. F. (2001). The association of depression and mortality in elderly persons: Acase for multiple, independent pathways. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 56, M505-M509.
9.
Cummings, S. M., Neff, J. A., & Husaini, B. A. (2003). Functional impairment as a predictor of depressive symptomatology: The role of race, religiosity, and social support. Health& Social Work, 28, 23-32.
10.
Daltroy, L. H., Larson, M. G., Eaton, H. M., Phillips, C. B., & Liang, M. H. (1999). Discrepancies between self-reported and observed physical function in the elderly: The influence of response shift and other factors. Social Science and Medicine, 48, 1549-1561.
11.
De Leo, D., Diekstra, R. F., Lonnqvist, J., Trabucchi, M., Cleiren, M. H., Frisoni, G. B., et al. (1998). LEIPAD, an internationally applicable instrument to assess quality of life in the elderly. Behavioural Medicine, 24, 17-27.
12.
Forsell, Y., Jorm, A. F., & Winblad, B. (1994). Association of age, sex, cognitive dysfunction, and disability with major depressive symptoms in an elderly sample. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1600-1604.
13.
Ganguli, M., Dodge, H. H., & Mulsant, B. H. (2002). Rates and predictors of mortality in an aging, rural, community-based cohort: The role of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 1046-1052.
14.
Geerlings, S. W., Beekman, A. T., Deeg, D. J., & van Tilburg, W. (2000). Physical health and the onset and persistence of depression in older adults: An eight-wave prospective communitybased study. Psychological Medicine, 30, 369-380.
15.
Giampaoli, S., & Menotti, A. (1993). Performance ed autosufficienza nella popolazione Italiana [Performance and self-sufficiency in the Italian population]. In M. Geddes (Ed.), La salute degli Italiani(pp. 287-296). Rome: La Nuova Italia Scientifica.
16.
Henderson, A. S., Korten, A. E., Jacomb, P. A., Mackinnon, A. J., Jorm, A. F., Christensen, H., et al. (1997). The course of depression in the elderly: Alongitudinal community-based study in Australia. Psychological Medicine, 27, 119-129.
17.
Heslin, J. M., Soveri, P. J., Winoy, J. B., Lyons, R. A., Buttanshaw, A. C., Kovacic, L., et al. (2001). Health status and service utilisation of older people in different European countries. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 19, 218-222.
18.
Hoeymans, N., Feskens, E. J., van den Bos, G. A., & Kromhout, D. (1996). Measuring functional status: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between performance and self-report (Zutphen Elderly Study 1990-1993). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 49, 1103-1110.
19.
Hoeymans, N., Feskens, E. J., van den Bos, G. A., & Kromhout, D. (1998). Non-response bias in a study of cardiovascular diseases, functional status and self-rated health among elderly men. Age and Ageing, 27, 35-40.
20.
Hybels, C. F., Pieper, C. F., & Blazer, D. G. (2002). Sex differences in the relationship between subthreshold depression and mortality in a community sample of older adults. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10, 283-291.
21.
Jang, Y., Haley, W. E., Small, B. J., & Mortimer, J. A. (2002). The role of mastery and social resources in the associations between disability and depression in later life. The Gerontologist, 42, 807-813.
22.
Kennedy, G. J., Kelman, H. R., & Thomas, C. (1990). The emergence of depressive symptoms in late life: The importance of declining health and increasing disability. Journal of Community Health, 15, 93-104.
23.
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., et al. (2003). The epidemiology of major depressive disorder. Results from the national comorbidity survey replication (NCS-R). Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 3095-3105.
24.
Keys, A., Aravanis, C., Blackburn, H., van Buchem, F. S. P., Buzina, R., Djordjevic, B. S., et al. (1967). Epidemiological studies related to coronary heart disease; Characteristics of men aged 40-59 in seven countries. Acta Medica Scandinavica, 460(Suppl.), 1-392.
25.
Kraaij, V., Arensman, E., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Negative life events and depression in elderly persons: A meta-analysis. Journal of Gerontology Psychological Sciences, 57, P87-P94.
26.
Lindeboom, M., Portrait, F., & van den Berg, G. J. (2002). An econometric analysis of the mental-health effects of major events in the life of older individuals. Health Economics, 11, 505-520.
27.
Ormel, J., Rijsdijk, F. V., Sullivan, M., van Sonderen, E., & Kempen, G. I. (2002). Temporal and reciprocal relationship between IADL/ADL disability and depressive symptoms in late life. Journal of Gerontology Psychological Sciences, 57, P338-P347.
28.
Prince, M. J., Harwood, R. H., Blizard, R. A., Thomas, A., & Mann, A. H. (1997). Impairment, disability and handicap as risk factors for depression in old age. The Gospel Oak Project V. Psychological Medicine, 27, 311-321.
29.
Prince, M. J., Harwood, R. H., Thomas, A., & Mann, A. H. (1998). A prospective populationbased cohort study of the effects of disablement and social milieuon the onset and maintenance of late-life depression. The Gospel Oak Project VII. Psychological Medicine, 28, 337-350.
30.
Ruo, B., Rumsfeld, J. S., Hlatky, M. A., Liu, H., Browner, W. S., & Whooley, M. A. (2003). Depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. Journal of the American Medical Association, 290, 215-221.
31.
Simon, G. E., Goldberg, D. P., Von Korff, M., & Ustun, T. B. (2002). Understanding crossnational differences in depression prevalence. Psychological Medicine, 32, 585-594.
32.
Steffens, D. C., Hays, J. C., & Krishman, K. R. (1999). Disability in geriatric depression. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 7, 34-40.
33.
van den Brink, C. L., Tijhuis, M., Kalmijn, S., Klazinga, N. S., Nissinen, A., Giampaoli, S., et al. (2003). Self-reported disability and its association with performance-based limitation in elderly men: A comparison of three European countries. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51, 782-788.
34.
Zeiss, A. M., Lewinsohn, P. M., Rohde, P., & Seeley, J. R. (1996). Relationship of physical disease and functional impairment to depression in older people. Psychology and Aging, 11, 572-581.
35.
Zung, W. W. (1965). Aself-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, 63-70.
