Antiemetic Therapy in the Outpatient Oncology Setting

Abstract

Nausea and vomiting (N/V) are well-recognized and potentially serious complications of cancer chemotherapy that can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes and overall quality of life. As the management of cancer patients moves to the outpatient setting, therapeutic strategies for N/V control must be adapted accordingly. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology and basic principles of N/V management and the available antiemetic agents, with an emphasis on applications in outpatient oncology. Development of antiemetic guidelines promotes selection of appropriate antiemetics to maximize N/V control, while minimizing associated cost. Use of oral antiemetics when possible also significantly reduces the cost of N/V management, without compromising therapeutic efficacy. In addition to designing an appropriate treatment regimen, measures for the early evaluation of N/V outcomes must also be instituted. Pharmacists can have an important role in ensuring optimal control of N/V in cancer patients.