Long-Term Management of Asthma

National Asthma Education Program, Expert Panel Report : Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD, August 1991, Publication No. 91-3042

Barnes PJ : A new approach to the treatment of asthma. N Engl J Med 321:1517-1527, 1989

Hargreave FE , Gibson PG , Ramsdale EH : Airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 10:439-448, 1990

Murphy S. , Kelly HW : Cromolyn sodium: A review of mechanisms and clinical use in asthma . Drug Intell Clin Pharm 21:22-35, 1987

Kelly HW , Murphy S. : Use of sodium cromoglycate and other anti-allergic drugs in asthma , in D'Arcy PF , McElnay JC (eds): The Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy of Asthma . Chichester, West Sussex, Ellis Horwood, 1989, pp 86-103

Barnes PJ : Effect of corticosteroids on airway hyperresponsiveness. Am Rev Respir Dis 141:S70-S76, 1990 (suppl)

Toogood JH : Complications of topical steroid therapy for asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 141:S89-S96, 1990 (suppl)

Walther OD , Pedersen S. : Growth of asthmatic children during treatment with budesonide: A double-blind trial. Br Med J 303:163-165,1991

Kelly HW , Murphy S. : Corticosteroids for acute, severe asthma. DICP Ann Pharmacother 25:72-79,1991

Kay AB , Corrigan CJ , Frew AJ : T lymphocytes and asthma, in Kaliner MA , Barnes PJ , Persson CGA (eds): Asthma: Its Pathology and Treatment. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker, 1991 , pp 247-265

Wald JP , Friedman BF , Farr RS : An improved protocol for the use of troleandomycin (TAO) in the treatment of steroid-requiring asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 78:36-43, 1986

Miyatake H. , Taki F. , Taniguchi H. , et al: Erythromycin reduces the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Chest 99:670-673, 1991

Mullarkey MF , Lammert JK , Blumenstein BA : Long-term methotrexate treatment in corticosteroid-dependent asthma. Ann Intern Med 112:577-581, 1990

Erzurum SC , Leff JA , Cochran JE , et al: Lack of benefit of methotrexate in severe, steroid-dependent asthma: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Intern Med 14:353-360,1991

Holgate ST , Finnerty JP : Antihistamines in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 83:537-547, 1989

Kelly HW : New B2-adrenergic agonist aerosols. Clin Pharm 4:393-403,1985

Jenne JW , Ahrens RC : Pharmacokinetics of beta-adrenergic compounds, in Jenne JW , Murphy S (eds): Drug Therapy for Asthma: Research and Clinical Practice. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker, 1987 , pp 213-258

Lipworth BJ , Struthers AD , McDevitt DG : Tachyphylaxis to systemic but not to airway response during prolonged therapy with high dose inhaled salbutamol in asthmatics . Am Rev Respir Dis 140:586-592, 1989

Kelly HW : Controversies in asthma therapy with theophylline and the B2-adrenergic agonists . Clin Pharm 3:386-395, 1984

van Essen-Zandvliet Eem , Kerrebijn KF : The effect of antiasthma drugs on bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 10:483-501, 1990

Szefler SJ : Theophylline: Pharmacokinetics and clinical applications, in Jenne JW , Murphy S (eds): Drug Therapy for Asthma: Research and Clinical Practice. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker 1987 , pp 353-387

Upton RA : Pharmacokinetic interactions between theophylline and other medication (Part I & II). Clin Pharmacokinet 20:66-80,135-150,1991

Kelly HW : Theophylline toxicity, in Jenne JW , Murphy S (eds): Drug Therapy for Asthma: Research and Clinical Practice. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker, 1987, pp 925-951

Shannon M. , Lovejoy FH : The influence of age vs peak serum concentration on life-threatening events after chronic theophylline intoxication. Arch Intern Med 150:2045-2048, 1990

Gross NJ , Skorodin MS : Anticholinergic agents, in Jenne JW , Murphy S (eds): Drug Therapy for Asthma: Research and Clinical Practice. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker, 1987, pp 615-668

Vathen AS , Knox AJ , Higgins BG , et al: Rebound increase in bronchial responsiveness after treatment with inhaled terbutaline. Lancet 1:554-557, 1988

Sears MR , Taylor DR , Print CG , et al: Regular inhaled beta-agonist treatment in bronchial asthma. Lancet 336:1391-1396,1990

Haahtela T. , Jarvinen M. , Kava T. , et al: Comparison of a B2 agonist, terbutaline, with an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, in newly detected asthma. N Engl J Med 325:388-392, 1991

van Schayck CP , Dompeling E. , van Herwaarden CLA , et al: Bronchodilator treatment in moderate asthma or chronic bronchitis: Continuous or on demand? A randomised controlled study. Br Med J 303:1426-1431, 1991

Spitzer WO , Suissa S. , Ernst P. , et al: The use of B-agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma, N Engl J Med 326:501-506,1992

Hambleton G. , Weinberger M. , Taylor J. , et al: Comparison of cromoglycate (cromolyn) and theophylline in controlling symptoms of chronic asthma. A collaborative study. Lancet 1:381-385, 1977

Furukawa CT , Shapiro GG , Kraemer MJ , et al: A double-blind study comparing the effectiveness of cromolyn sodium and sustained-release theophylline in childhood asthma. Pediatrics 74:453-459, 1984

Dutoit JI , Salome CM , Woolcock AJ : Inhaled corticosteroids reduce the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma but oral theophylline does not. Am Rev Respir Dis 136:1174-1178, 1987