Therapeutic Issues in the Evaluation and Treatment of the Hypertensive Patient: White Coat Hypertension and Once Daily Dosing of Antihypertensive Agents
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online April, 1992
Therapeutic Issues in the Evaluation and Treatment of the Hypertensive Patient: White Coat Hypertension and Once Daily Dosing of Antihypertensive Agents
Pharmacists are an invaluable resource of drug and other treatment information for the primary provider because of their skills in drug literature evaluation and retrieval. The implementation of a home blood pressure monitoring program at the HMO of Delaware has allowed the establishment of excellent relations between medical, nursing, and pharmacy personnel and has allowed the pharmacist to become involved in the decision-making process for many hypertensive patients.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Kaplan NM: Therapeutic implications from clinical trials for the treatment of hypertension . J Clin Hypertens3:22-27, 1986 (suppl)
2.
MacMahon SW, Cutler JA, Furberg CD, et al: The effects of drug treatment for hypertension on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease: A review of randomized controlled clinical trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis29:99-118, 1986 (suppl 1)
3.
Lardinois CK , Neuman S.: The effects of antihypertensive agents on serum lipids and lipoproteins. Arch Intern Med148:1280-1288,1988
4.
Rohlfing JJ, Brunzell JD: The effects of diuretics and adrenergic blocking agents on plasma lipids. West J Med145:210-218,1986
5.
Farnett L., Mulrow CD, Linn WD, et al. The J-curve phenomenon and the treatment of hypertension. Is there a point beyond which pressure reduction is dangerous?JAMA265:489-495,1991
6.
Pickering TG, Blank SG: Blood pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, in Laragh JH, Brenner BM (eds): Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. New York, NY, Raven , 1990, pp 1429-1441
7.
Zachariah PK , Sheps SG, Ilstrup DM, et al: Blood pressure load—a better determinant of hypertension. Mayo Clin Proc63:1085-1091,1988
8.
White WB, Dey HM, Schulman P.: Assessment of the daily blood pressure load as a determinant of cardiac function in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Am Heart J118:782-795, 1989
9.
Perloff D., Sokolow M., Cowan R.: The prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressures. JAMA249:2792-2798, 1983
10.
Devereux RB , Pickering TG, Harshfield GA, et al: Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension: Importance of blood pressure response to regularly recurring stress. Circulation68:470-476, 1983
11.
Pickering TG , Devereux R.: Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure as a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Am Heart J114:925-928, 1987
12.
Zachariah PK , Sheps SG, Bailey KR, et al: Age-related characteristics of ambulatory blood pressure load and mean blood pressure in normotensive subjects. JAMA265:1414-1417, 1991
13.
Drayer Jim, Weber MA, Hoeger WJ: Whole-day BP monitoring in ambulatory normotensive men. Arch Intern Med145:271-274, 1985
14.
Kennedy HL, Horan MJ, Sprague MK, et al: Ambulatory blood pressure in healthy normotensive males. Am Heart J106:717-722, 1983
15.
Pickering TG , Harshfield GA, Kleinhart HD, et al: Blood pressure during normal daily activities, sleep, and exercise. Comparison of values in normal and hypertensive subjects. JAMA247:992-996,1982
16.
Sokolow M., Werdegar D., Kain HK, et al: Relationship between level of blood pressure measured casually and by portable recorders and severity of complications in essential hypertension . Circulation34:279-298, 1966
17.
Julius S., Mejia A., Jones K., et al: "White coat" versus "sustained" borderline hypertension in Tecumseh , Michigan. Hypertension16:617-623, 1990
18.
Pickering TG , James GD, Boddie C., et al: How common is white coat hypertension ? JAMA259:225-228, 1988
19.
Waeber B., Jacot des Combes B., Porchet M., et al: Ambulatory blood pressure recording to identify hypertensive patients who truly need therapy. J Chronic Dis37:55-57, 1984
20.
White WB: Assessment of patients with office hypertension by 24-hour noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Arch Intern Med146:2196-2199,1986
21.
Waeber B., Petrillo A., Nussberger J., et al: Are some hypertensive patients overtreated? A prospective study of ambulatory blood pressure recording. Lancet1:732-734, 1987
22.
White WB, Schulman P., McCabe EJ, et al: Average daily blood pressure, not office blood pressure, determines cardiac function in patients with hypertension. JAMA261:873-877, 1989
23.
Spence JD: Pseudohypertension, in Laragh JH, Brenner BM (eds): Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. New York, NY, Raven, 1990, pp 1408-1414
24.
Stewart RB, Cluff LE: A review of medication errors and compliance in ambulant patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther13:463-468,1972
25.
Cramer JA, Mattson RH, Prevey ML, et al: How often is medication taken as prescribed? A novel assessment technique. JAMA261:3273-3277, 1989
26.
Zachariah PK , Schwartz GL, Sheps SG, et al: Antihypertensive effects of a new sustained-release formulation of nifedipine. J Clin Pharmacol30:1012-1019,1990
27.
Hornung RS, Gould BA, Kieso H., et al: A study of nadolol to determine its effect on ambulatory blood pressure over 24 hours, and during exercise testing. Br J Clin Pharmacol14:83-88, 1982
28.
Pixley JS, Marshall MK, Stanley H., et al: Comparison of once-daily captopril or enalapril in mild essential hypertension. J Clin Pharmacol29:118-122, 1989
29.
Millar Craig MW, Kenny D., Mann S., et al: Effect of once-daily atenolol on ambulatory blood pressure. Br Med J9:237-238, 1979
30.
Eiskjaer H. , Pedersen EB, Rasmussen LM, et al: Sustained release verapamil in renal hypertension. Eur J Clin Pharmacol33:549-555, 1988
31.
Neutet JN, Schnaper H., Cheung DG, et al: Antihypertensive effects of β-blockers administered once daily: 24-hour measurements. Am Heart J120:166-171, 1990
32.
Muller JE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, et al: Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med313:1315-1322, 1985
33.
Rocco MB, Barry J., Campbell S., et al: Circadian variation of transient myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation75:395-400, 1987
34.
Marler JR, Price TR, Clark GL, et al: Morning increase in onset of ischemic stroke. Stroke20:473-476, 1989 35. Muller JE, Ludmer PL, Willich SN, et al: Circadian variation in the frequency of sudden cardiac death . Circulation75:131-138, 1987
35.
Willich SN, Levy D., Rocco MB, et al: Circadian variation in the incidence of sudden cardiac death in the
36.
Framingham heart study population. Am J Cardiol60:801-806, 1987
37.
Edmonds D., Foerster E., Groth H., et al: Does self-measurement of blood pressure improve patient compliance in hypertension? J Hypertens3.31-34, 1985 (suppl 1)
38.
Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Gibson ES, et al: Improvement of patient compliance in uncontrolled hypertension . Lancet1:1265-1268, 1976
39.
Vetter W., Schmid-Zumstein A., Edmonds D., et al: Compliance in hypertension: Effect of blood pressure self-measurement and patient instruction. Curr Opin CardiolX:65-71, 1988 (suppl 2)
40.
Pickering TG , Cvetkovski B., James GD: An evaluation of electronic recorders for self monitoring of blood pressure. J Hypertens4:S328-S330,1986 (suppl 5)