Peritoneal Dialysate

Maxwell M.H. , Rockney R.E. , Kleeman C.R. , and Twiss M.R. : Peritoneal Dialysis 1. Technique and Applications. J. Amer. Med. Assoc. 170: 91–98, 1959.

Yutuc W. , Ward G. , Shilipetar G. , and Tepckhoff H. : Substitution of sorbitol for dextrose in peritoneal irrigation fluid: A preliminary report. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs 13: 168–171, 1967.

Raja R.M. , Kramer M.S. , Manchanda R. , Lazaro N. , and Rosenbaum I.L. : Peritoneal dialysis with fructose dialysate prevention of hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality. Ann. Intern. Med. 79: 511–517. 1973.

Gjessing I. : The use of dextran as a dialyzing fluid in peritoneal dialysis. Acta. Med. Scand. 185: 237–239. 1969.

Oreopoulos D.G. , Balfe I.W. , Khanna R. , Crassweller P. , Gotloib L. , Rodella H. , Zellennan G. , Brandes L. , McCready W. , Ogilvie R. , and Husdan H. : Further experience with the use of amino acid containing dialysate (arnino-dianeal) in peritoneal dialysis. In CAPD Update ( Moncrief I.W. , and Popovitch R.P. Eds), Masson Publishing New York, 1981. p 109–115.

Raja R.M. , Cantor R.E. , Boreyko C. , Bushehri H. , Kramer M.S. , and Rosenbaum I.L. : Sodium transport during ultrafiltration peritoneal dialysis. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs 18: 429–435, 1972.

Ahearn D.J. , and Nolph K.D. : Controlled sodium removal with peritoneal dialysis. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs 18: 423–428, 1972.

Abrutyn E. , Goodhart G.L. , Roos K. , Anderson R. , and Buxton A. : Acineto bacter calcoaceticus outbreak associated with peritoneal dialysis. Amer. J. Epidemiol. 107: 328–335, 1978.

Mader I.T. , and Reinarz I.A. : Peritonitis during peritoneal dialysis -the role of the preheating water bath. J. Chron. Dis. 31: 635–641, 1978.

Gaunter W.C. , Feldman H.A. , and Puschett I.B. : Peritonitis in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin. Nephrol. 13: 255–259, 1980.

Ashline V. , Stevens A. , and Carter M.I. : Nosocomial peritonitis related to contaminated dialysate warming water. Amer. J. Infect. Control 9: 50–52, 1981.

Data collected from Lankenau Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Contract consultants).

McDonald H.P. : An automatic peritoneal dialysis machine for hospital or home peritoneal dialysis: Preliminary report. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs 15: 108–113, 1969.

Lasker N. , Burker I.F. , Patchefsky A. , and Haughey E. : Peritoneal reactions to particulate matter in peritoneal dialysis solutions. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs 21: 342–345. 1975.

Karanicolas S. , Oreopoulos D.G. , Lzatt S.H. , Shimizu A. , Manning R.F. , Sepp H. , DeVeber G.A. , and Darby T. : Epidemic of aseptic peritonitis caused by endotoxin during chronic peritoneal dialysis. New Engl. J. Med. 296: 1336–1337, 1977.

Data collected from Nalle Clinic Kidney Center and Charlotte Memorial Hospital, Charlotte. NC (Contract consultants).

Data collected from Regional Kidney Disease Program. Minneapolis, MN (Contract consultants).

Schmidt R.W. , and Blumenkrantz M. : Peritoneal sclerosis: A ‘sword of Democles’ for peritoneal dialysis? Arch. Intern Med. 141: 1265–1267. 1981.

Investigation of the Risks and Hazards Associated with Hemodialysis Devices. Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health. Education and Welfare, 1980. p 12–74. (Available from National Technical Infonnation Service, 5285 Port Royal Road. Springfield, V A 22161. Report No. PB-80-215403.)

American National Standard for Hemodialysis Systems. ANSI/AAMI RD5. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation Arlingt On, Virginia, 1981.

Thomson N.M. , Stevens B.I. , Humphery T.I. , and Atkins R.C. : Trace elements in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis ( Gahl G.M. , Kessel M. , and Nolph K.D. Eds) Excerpta Medica Amsterdam 1981, p 473–477.

Gokal R. , Parkinson I.S. , Ramos M. , Ward M.K. , and Kerr D.N.S. : Elevated serum aluminum levels in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis ( Gahl G.M. , Kessel M. , and Nolph K.D. , Eds) Excerpta Medica Amsterdam 1981. p 478–482.

Sorkin M.I. , Nolph K.D. , Anderson H.O. , Morris I.S. , Kennedy I. , Prowant B. , and Moore H. : Aluminum mass transfer during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal Dialysis Bulletin I: 91–93, 1981.

Cumming A.D. , Simpson G. , Bell D. , Cowie I. , and Winney R.I. : Acute aluminum intoxication in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Lancet I: 103–104. 1982.

Oreopoulos D.G. , Clayton S. , Dombros N. , Zellennan G. , and Katirtzoglou A. : Nineteen months experience with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Proc. Europ. Transpl. Assoc. 16: 178–183. 1979.

Nolph K.D. , Sorkin M. , Rubinl , Arfania D. , Prowant B. , Fruto L. , and Kennedy D. : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Three-year experience at one center. Ann. Intern. Med. 92: 609–613, 1980.

Lacke C. , Senekjian H.O. , Knight T.F. , Frazier M. , Hatelid R. , Kozak M. , Baker P. , and Weinman El : Twelve months’ experience with continuous ambulatory and intennittent peritoneal dialysis. Arch. Intern. Med. 141: 187–190, 1981.

Rubin I. , Oreopoulos D.G. , Blair R.D.G. , Chisholm L.D.I. , Meema H.E. , and DeVeber G.A. : Chronic peritoneal dialysis in the management of diabetes with tenninal renal failure. Nephron 19: 265–270, 1977.

Flynn C.T. , and Nanson I.A. : Intraperitoneal insulin with CAPD -an artificial pancreas. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 25: 114–117, 1979.

Triolo G. , Segoloni G. , Carta Q. , Boggio-Bertinet D. , Alloatti S. , Stratta P. , Messina M. , Priasca G. , and Vercellone A. : CAPD with intrabag insulin administration (IBIA): An easy strategy to improve the uremic diabetic patient (UDP) management. In Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis ( Gahl G.M. , Kessel M. , and Nolph K.D. , Eds) Excerpta Medica Amsterdam 1981, p 424–426.

Amidon G. , Reighert I.E. , and Johnson C.A. : Adsorption of insulin to the polyvinyl chloride surface of CAPD solution containers. Proc. Clin. Dial. Transpl. Forum 10: 296–298, 1980.

Boyer I. , Gill G.N. , and Epstein F.H. : Hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality complicating peritoneal dialysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 67: 568–572. 1967.

Handa S.P. , and Cushner G.B. : Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma during peritoneal dialysis. Southern Med. J. 61: 700–702, 1968.

Gault M.H. , Ferguson E.L. , Sidhu I.S. , and Corbin R.P. : Fluid and electrolyte complications of peritoneal dialysis. Choice of dialysis solutions. Ann. Intern. Med. 75: 253–262, 1971.

Vidt D.G. : Recommendations on choice of peritoneal dialysis solutions. Ann. Intern. Med. 78: 144–146, 1973.

Halaby S.F. , and Mattocks A.M. : Absorption of sodium bisulfite from peritoneal dialysis solutions. J. Pharm. Sci. 54: 52–55, 1965.

Raja R.M. , Moros I.G. , Kramer M.S. , and Rosenbaum I.L. : Hyperosmotic coma complicating peritoneal dialysis with sorbitol dialysate. Ann. Intern. Med. 73: 993–994, 1970.

Bischel M.D. , and Barbour B.H. : Peritoneal dialysis with sorbitol versus dextrose dialysate. Nephron 12: 449–463. 1974.

Quellhorst U.A. , Mietzsch G. , Doht B. , Femandez-Redo E. , Kubosch I. , Leititis U. , Volles E. , Thorwort V. , and Scheler F. : Sorbithaltige Spullosung aIs Ursache schwerer Unvertraglichkeitserscheinungen bei der Peritonealdialyse. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr 100: 1431–1435, 1975.

Food and Drug Administration, Device Experience Network Reports #33000. 1978 and #36269, 1980.

Bisson P.G. , and Bailey K.M. : Sodium in peritoneal dialysis solutions. Brit. Med. J. 5: 1322–1324, 1979.

Ebben I. , Davin T. , and Kjellstrand C. : Volume and Chemical Errors in Peritoneal Dialysate. Dial. Transplant 10: 876, 1981.

Kopp V.H. , and Tonnis H.I. : The effect of temperature on the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis. Munch. Med. Wo - chenschr. 109: 2438–2443, 1967.

Oreopoulos D.G. : Chronic peritoneal dialysis. Clin. Nephrol. 9: 165–173, 1978.

Rahner E. : Hohes Hepatitis-Infektionsrisiko fur das personal bei der peritonealdialyse be handlung Australiaantigen positiver patienten. Med. Welt 25: 1705–1707, 1974.

Spector D. : Hepatitis B miniepidemic in a peritoneal dialysis unit. Arch. Intern. Med. 137: 1030–1031, 1977.

Bond W.W. , Petersen N.I. , Gravelle C.R. , and Favero M.S. : Hepatitis B virus in peritoneal dialysis fluid: A potential hazard. Dial. Transplant. II: 592–600, 1982.

Goodman W. , Gallagher N. , and Sherrard Dl : Peritoneal dialysis fluid as a source of hepatitis antigen. Nephron 29: 107–109, 1981.

Phannaceutical Codex, Ilth Edition, Phannaceutical Society of Great Britain London, 1979, p 265.

Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21, Section 310, Paragraph 310.509, Parenteral drug products in plastic containers.

Rabinow B. : Contribution of the trace metal contaminants in the dialysis concentrate to dialyzing fluid. In Issues in Hemodialysis: Systems Performance, Water Purity and Treatment Cost Reimbursement and Regulation. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation Arlington, Virginia 1981, p 34–40.

The United States Phannacopeia, 20th Revision, United States Phannacopeial Convention, Rockville. MD, 1980, p 950–953.