Sucrose, 5% and 10% (w/v), supplemented with between 0 and 5 ppm fluoride (F), was tested for its influence in vitro on plaque-induced experimental in vitro enamel caries and plaque pH. Plaque growth on bovine enamel was initiated from saliva inocula and sustained in a multiple plaque growth system for up to 31 days by means of a basal medium with periodic applications of sucrose or sucrose supplemented with F. Change in enamel mineralization was assessed, before and after plaque growth, by microhardness testing and microradiography; pH was monitored with microelectrodes. It was found that enamel demineralization was inversely related to the F concentration in the range 2 to 5 ppm, for both 5% and 10% sucrose. Plaque pH responses were unaffected by the F supplements.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Angmar B., Carlstrom D., Glas JE ( 1963). Studies on the ultrastructure of dental enamel. IV. The mineralization of normal human enamel. J Ultrastruct Res8:12-23.
2.
Arends J., ten Bosch JJ (1992). Demineralization and remineralization evaluation techniques. J Dent Res71:924-928.
3.
Bergman G., Lind PO ( 1966). A quantitative microradiographic study of incipient enamel caries. J Dent Res45:1477-1484.
4.
Borsboom PCF, Wolfs BHJ, Leydsman H., Doorn N., ten Bosch JJ, Liem KG ( 1987). A machine for sawing 80 micrometer slices of carious enamel. Stain Technol62:119-125.
5.
Brudevold F., Attarzadeh F., Tehrani A., Van Houte J., Russo J. (1984). Development of a new intraoral demineralization test. Caries Res18:421-429.
6.
de Josselin de Jong E., ten Bosch JJ, Noordmans J. (1987). Optimized microcomputer-guided quantitative microradiography on dental mineralised tissue slices. Phys Med Biol32:887-899.
7.
Edmunds DH, Whittaker DK, Green RM (1988). Suitability of human, bovine, equine, and ovine tooth enamel for studies of artificial bacterial carious lesions. Caries Res22:327-336.
8.
FDI Technical Report No. 24(1985). Changing patterns of oral health and implications for oral health manpower: Part 1. Int Dent J35:235-251.
9.
Featherstone JDB, Zero DT ( 1992). An in situ model for simultaneous assessment of inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization. J Dent Res71 :804-810.
10.
Featherstone JDB, ten Cate JM, Shariati M., Arends J. (1983). Comparison of artificial caries-like lesions by quantitative microradiography and microhardness profiles. Caries Res17:385-391.
11.
Featherstone JDB, Glena R., Shariati M., Shields CP (1990). Dependence of in vitro demineralization of apatite and remineralization of dental enamel on fluoride concentration. J Dent Res69:620-625.
12.
Fejerskov O., ScheieAAA, Birkhed D., Manji F. (1992). Effect of sugarcane chewing on plaque pH in rural Kenyan children. Caries Res26:286-289.
13.
Glenister DA, Salamon KE, Smith K., Beighton D., Keevil CW (1988). Enhanced growth of complex communities of dental plaque bacteria in mucin-limited continuous culture. Microb Ecol Hlth Dis1:31-38.
14.
Kashket S., Yaskell T. (1992). Limitations in the intraoral demineralization of bovine enamel. Caries Res26:98-103.
15.
Kodaka T., Debari K., Yamada M., Kuroiwa M. (1992). Correlation between microhardness and mineral content in sound human enamel. Caries Res26:139-141.
16.
Koulourides T., Phantumvanit P., Munksgaard EC, Housch T. (1974). An intra-oral model used for studies of fluoride incorporation in enamel. J Oral Pathol3:185-196.
17.
Lammers PC, Borggreven Jmpm, Driessens FCM (1992). Influence of fluoride and pH on in vitro remineralization of bovine enamel. Caries Res26:8-13.
18.
-Luoma H., Nyman A., Toivonen A., Soderholm S., Nuuja T., Kantero RL (1979). Effect on caries in mentally handicapped children of addition of fluoride and bicarbonate-phosphate to dietary sugar products . Scand J Dent Res87:197-207.
19.
Manning RH, Edgar WH, Agalamanyi EA (1992). Effects of chewing gums sweetened with sorbitol or a sorbitol/xylitol mixture on the remineralisation of human enamel lesions in situ. Caries Res26:104-109.
20.
Mundorff SA, Glowinsky D., Griffin CJ, Stein JH, Gwinner LM (1988). Effect of fluoridated sucrose on rat caries. Caries Res22:232-236.
21.
Newbrun E. (1982). Sugar and dental caries: A review of human studies . Science217:418-423.
22.
Ostrom CA, Koulourides T., Hickman F., Phantumvanit P. (1977). Combined effects of sucrose and fluoride on experimental caries and on the associated microbial plaque. J Dent Res56:212-221.
23.
Pearce EIF (1983). A microradiographic and chemical comparison of in vitro systems for the simulation of incipient caries in abraded bovine enamel. J Dent Res62:969-974.
24.
Pearce EIF, Cutress TW, Sissons CH, Coote GE (1992). Supplementation of domestic sugar (sucrose) with fluoride. Effects on experimental dental caries, plaque pH and fluoride levels in plaque and enamel. NZ Dent J88:84-88.
25.
Sissons CH, Cutress TW, Hoffman MP, WakefieldJSTJ (1991). A multi-station dental plaque microcosm (artificial mouth) for the study of plaque growth, metabolism, pH, and mineralization . J Dent Res70:1409-1416.
26.
Sissons CH, Cutress TW, Faulds G., Wong L. ( 1992). pH responses to sucrose and the formation of pH gradients in thick 'artificial mouth' microcosm plaques. Arch Oral Biol37:913-922.
27.
Sissons CH, Wong L., Hancock EM, Cutress TW (1994). The pH response to urea and the effect of liquid flow in 'artificial mouth' microcosm plaques. Arch Oral Biol39:497-505.
28.
Steele GD, Torrie JH (1960). Principles and procedures of statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
29.
ten Bosch JJ, Angmar-Mansson B. (1991). A review of quantitative methods for studies of mineral content of intra-oral incipient caries lesions. J Dent Res70:2-14.
30.
ten Cate JM (1990). In vitro studies on the effects of fluoride on de- and remineralization. J Dent Res69:614-619.
31.
Turtola LO (1977a). Fluoride content of dental plaque before, during and after ingestion of sucrose modified with fluoride or bicarbonate-phosphate . Scand J Dent Res85:380-386.
32.
Turtola LO (1977b). Enamel microhardness and fluoride uptake underneath a fermenting and non fermenting artificial plaque. Scand J Dent85:373-379.
33.
Turtola LO, Luoma H. (1972). Plaque pH in caries-active and inactive subjects modified by sucrose and fluoride with and without bicarbonate-phosphate. Scand J Dent Res80:334-343.
