This article presents evidence that girls are not receiving an equal education and describes a program model which offers solutions for counselors and teachers to adopt.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Aauw. (1991). Shortchanging girls, shortchanging America. Washington D.C.: Author.
2.
Bartholomew, C.G. (1988). Working women: Crisis versus choice. Journal of the New York State Association for Counseling and Development, 3, 33-41.
3.
Bartholomew, C.G. (1989). What's wrong with this picture? New York: Carlton Press.Bartholomew, C.G. (1993). HORIZONS: 2000: Career and Life Planning Curriculum for Girls and Young Women (Grades 5-12). Fairfax, Virginia: George Mason University Press, and Los Angeles: JALMAR Press.
4.
Bem, S.L. (1979). Theory and measurement of androgyny: A reply to Pedhazur-Tetenbaum and Locksley-Colten critiques. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1047-1054.
5.
Bernard, J. (1979). Policy and women's time. In Jean Lipman-Blumen and Jessie Bernard (Eds.), Sex roles and social policy (pp.303-333). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
6.
Bernard, J. (1981). The female world. New York : The Free Press. Betz, N.E. (1988). The assessment of career development and maturity. In W. Walsh & S. Osipow (Eds.), Career decision making. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
7.
Bloch, D.P. (1989). Using career information with dropouts and at-risk youth. The Career Development Quarterly, 38, 160-171. Bridges, J.S. (1988). Sex differences in occupational performance expectations . Psychology of Women Quarterly, 12, 75-90.
8.
Brown, D., Minor, C.W., & Jepsen, D.A. (1992). Public support for career development activities in America's schools: Report of the 1989 NCDA survey. The School Counselor, 39, 257-262.
9.
Dowling, C. (1981). The cinderella complex. New York: Summit Books. Eccles, J.S. (1987). Gender roles and women's achievement-related decisions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11, 135-172.
10.
Ehrhart, J., & Sandler, B. (1987). Looking for more than a few good women in traditionally male fields (Project on the status and education of women)Washington, DC: Association of American Colleges.
11.
Fitzgerald, L.F., & Crites, J.O. (1980). Toward a career psychology of women: What do we know? What do we need to know?Journal of Counseling Psychology , 27(1), 44-62.
12.
Gerstein, M., Lichtman, M., & Barokas, J.U. (1988). Occupational plans of adolescent women compared to men: A cross-sectional examination. Career Development Quarterly, 36, 222-230.
13.
Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Women's conception of self and morality. Cam-bridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
14.
Ginzberg, E., Ginsburg, S.W., Axelrod, S., & Herma, J.L. (1951). Occupational choice, An approach to a general theory. New York: Columbia University .Gottfredson, L.S. (1981). Circumscription and compromise: A developmental theory of occupational aspirations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(6), 545-579.
15.
Hansen, L.S., & Keierleber, D.L. (1978). Born free: A collaborative consultation model for career development and sex-role stereotyping. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 395-399.
16.
Homer, M. (1972). Toward an understanding of achievement-related conflicts in women. Journal of Social Issues, 28, 129-156.
17.
Hoyt, K. (1988). The changing workforce: A review of projections—1986 to 2000. The Career Development Quarterly, 37, 31-39.
18.
Hyde, J.S., Fennema, E., Ryan, M., Frost, L.A., & Hopp, C. (1990). Gender comparison of mathematics attitudes and affect: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 14, 299-324.
19.
Lottinville, E., & Scherman, A. (1988). Job satisfaction of married, divorced, and single working women in a medical setting. Career Development Quarterly , 37, 165-176.
20.
Lynch, H. (1993, May). Learning from the field: Mentoring projects in field-based settings. Women's Educational Equity Act Publishing Center Digest, pp. 3-5.
21.
Murrell, A.J., Frieze, I.H., & Frost, J.L. (1991). Aspiring to careers in male- and female-dominated professions: A study of black and white college women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15, 103-126.
22.
Okey, J.L., Snyder L.M. Jr., & Hackett, G. (1993). The broadening of horizons project: Development of a vocational guidance program for eighth-grade students . The School Counselor, 40, 218-222. Osipow, S.H. (1983). Theories of Career Development (3rd ed.). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts .
23.
Sadker, M., Sadker, D., & Donald, M. (1989). Subtle sexism at school. Contemporary Education, 60, 204-212.
24.
Sandler, S.B. (1989) Teaching job search skills to eighth grade students: A preview of the world of work. The School Counselor, 36, 219-223.
25.
Schuster, S. (1992, September). [Letter from Charon Schuster, president of American Association of University Women. Shaw, F.J. (1955). Mutuality and up-ending expectancies in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2, 241-247. Sherman, J. (1982). Mathematics the critical filter: A look at some residues. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 6, 428-444.
26.
Sherman, J. (1983b). Girls talk about mathematics and their future: A partial replication. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 7, 338-342. Super, D.E. ( 1984). Career and life development. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (pp. 355-368). San Francisco : Jossey-Bass.
27.
Super, D.E. (1969). Vocational development theory: Persons, positions and processes. The Counseling Psychologist, 1, 2-9. Super, D.E., Osborne, W.L., Walsh , D.J., Brown, S.D., & Niles, S.G. (1992). Developmental career assessment and counseling: The c-dac model. Journal of Counseling and Development, 71, 74-80. US Department of Education. (1991). America 2000: an education strategy. Sourcebook. Washington, D.C. : Author.
28.
Wolfe, L.K. & Betz, N.E. (1981). Traditionality of choice and sex-role identification as moderators of the congruence of occupational choice in college women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 18, 43-55.
