In the 15 years since the introduction of Barrett's theory of power as knowing participation in change and its accompanying measurement instrument, a rapidly growing number of research studies have been conducted using the theory and instrument. This article presents a critical review of this literature, as well as recommendations for further research.
Barrett, E. A. M. (1983). An empirical investigation of Martha E. Rogers' principle of helicy: The relationship of human field motion and power. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
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Barrett, E. A. M. (1986). Investigation of the principle of helicy: The relationship of human field motion and power. In V. M. Malinski (Ed.), Explorations on Martha Rogers' science of unitary human beings (pp. 173-188). Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
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Barrett, E. A. M. (1990a). Health patterning with clients in a private practice environment. In E. A. M. Barrett (Ed.), Visions of Rogers' science-based nursing (pp. 105-115). New York: National League for Nursing.
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Barrett E. A. M. (1990b). A measure of power as knowing participation in change. In O. L. Strickland & C. F. Waltz (Eds.), Measurement of nursing outcomes: Vol. 4. Measuring client self-care and coping skills (pp. 159-180). New York: Springer.
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Barrett, E. A. M. (1996). The relationship of human field motion and power: A replication and extension. Unpublished manuscript.
6.
Borg, W. R. , & Gall, M. D. (1983). Educational research. New York: Longman.
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Bramlett, M. H. (1990). Power, creativity and reminiscence in the elderly. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta.
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Bramlett, M. H. , & Gueldner, S. A. (1993). Reminiscence: A viable option to enhance power in elders. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 7 (2), 68-74.
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Branum, K. Q. (1987). Power as knowing participation in change: A modelfor nursing intervention. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Texas Women's University, Denton.
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Butcher, H. K. (1994). The unitary field pattern portrait method: Development of a research method for Rogers' science of unitary human beings. In M. Madrid & E. A. M. Barrett (Eds.), Rogers' scientific art of nursing practice (pp. 397-429). New York: National League for Nursing.
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Butcher, H. K. (1996). A unitary field pattern portrait of dispiritedness in later life. Visions: The Journal of Rogerian Nursing Science, 4, 41-58.
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Carboni, J. (1995). A Rogerian process of inquiry. Nursing Science Quarterly, 8, 22-37.
13.
Caroselli, C. (1995). Power and feminism: A nursing science perspective. Nursing Science Quarterly, 8, 115-119.
14.
Cody, W. K. , & Mitchell, G. J. (1992). Parse's theory as a model for practice: The cutting edge. Advances in Nursing Science, 15 (2), 52-65.
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Collins, E. G. (1992). Increasing practice-based research: Doctorally prepared clinical nurse specialists may be the answer. Clinical Nurse Specialist6(4), 196-200.
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Daly, G. M. (1995). Scholarly productivity: A qualitative investigation of the role development of nurse scholars and research productivity. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York.
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Davis, A. E. (1989). The relationship between the phenomenon of traumatic injury and patterns of power, human field motion, esteem, and risk taking. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Georgia State University, Atlanta.
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Doyle, M. B. (1995). Mental health nurses' imagination, power, and empathy: A descriptive study using Rogerian nursing science. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
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Duke, L. (1988). Relationships between nurse education adninistrators' leadership behaviors and employment of nursing faculty and students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Brigham Young University, Salt Lake City.
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Dzurec, L. C. (1994). Schizophrenic clients expeienrces of power: Using hemerieutic analysis. imtage. Jo.urnal oif Nursiig Shitolr Xlip. 26, 155-159.
21.
Epstein, G. , Barrett, E. A. M.Halper, J., Seriff, N., Phillips, K., & Lowenstein, S (1997). Alleviating asthma with mental imagery: A phenomenological study. Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 3, 10-20.
22.
Epstein, G., Halper, J., Barrett, E. A. M., Seriff, N., Phillips, K., & Lowenstein, S. (1997). The effects of euided imagery on pulmonary function, power, qutaility of life, anxiety, depression, find use of medications in per So s aith bronchial asthma. Unpublished manuscript.
23.
Gloss, E. F., & Crowe, R. L_. (1993, June) Coronary artery disease: Post-menopausal women, power, and anxiety. Abstract presented at Sigma Theta Tau International Research Congress, Madrid, Spain, Advances In International Nursing Scho.karship.
24.
Higgins, M. MI (1993). Attitudes powier, and ability to care among U. S. Air Force mental health nurses A descriptive study. Unpublished master's thesis Urniversity of Texas at Austin.
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Hobbs, M. B. (1991). Manifestations influencing empowerment in the educational environment of baccalaureate nursing students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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Kalb, K. A. (1993). Women's experience using terbutaline pump therapy for the management of pre-term labor. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
27.
Kilker, M. J. (1994). Transformational and transactional leadership styles: An empirical investigation of Rogers' principle of integrality. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York.
28.
Kim, T. S. (1992). Korean-American nurses and power: A pilot study. Unpublished master's thesis, Columbia University, New York.
29.
Krause, D. A. B. (1991). The impact of an individually tailored nursing intervention on human field patterning of patients experiencing dyspnea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Miami.
30.
Malinski, V. M. (1997). The relationship of temporal experience and power as knowing participation in change in depressed and nondepressed women. In M. Madrid (Ed.), Patterns of Rogerian knowing (pp. 197-208). New York: National League for Nursing.
31.
McGaffic, C. M. (1995). Patterns of spirituality and health among aging adults and dying adults living in the community. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson.
32.
McNiff, M. A. (1995). A study of the relationship of power, perceived health, and life satisfaction in adults with long-term care needs based on Martha E. Rogers' science of unitary human beings. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University. New York.
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Mercier, A. J. (1994). The level of power to participate in change as perceived by homeless adults. Unpublished master's thesis, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
34.
Moore, K. (1995). Perception of power by RNs in patient-focused care and non-restructured work environments: A comparative study. Unpublished master's thesis, Clarkson College, Clarkson, NE.
35.
Morris, D. L. (1991). An exploration of elders' perceptions of power and well-being. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland.
36.
Moulton, P. J. (1994). An investigation of the relationship of power and empathy in nurse executives. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
37.
Munhall, P. L. (1994). Revisioning phenomenology: Nursing and health science research. New York: National League for Nursing.
38.
Murray, L. R. (1989). An exploration of the factors of empowerment as perceived by persons with end stage renal failure. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
39.
Parse, R. R. (1996). Building knowledge through qualitative research: The road less traveled. Nursing Science Quarterly, 9, 10-16.
40.
Popper, K. (1965). Conjectures and refutation: The growth of scientific knowledge. New York: Harper Torchbooks.
41.
Rapacz, K. E. (1991). Human patterning and chronic pain. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland.
42.
Rizzo, J. (1990). An investigation of the relationships of life satisfaction, purpose in life, and power in individuals sixty-five years and older. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
43.
Rogers, M. E. (1970). An introduction to the theoretical basis of nursing. Philadelphia: Davis.
44.
Rogers, M. E. (1992). Nursing science and the space age. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5, 27-34.
45.
Rogers, M. E. (1994). The science of unitary human beings: Current perspectives. Nursing Science Quarterly, 7, 33-35.
46.
Roznowski, H. (1995). Diabetes education: Knowledge, power, and change. Unpublished master's thesis, Northern Michigan University, Marquette.
47.
Rush, M. (1996). A study of the relationships among spirituality, perceived social support and power in sober female alcoholics. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
48.
Schneider, P. E. (1995). Focusing awareness: The process of extraordinary healing from a Rogerian perspective. Visions, 3, 32-43.
49.
Schoenhofer, S. D. (1993). What constitutes nursing research?Nursing Science Quarterly, 6, 59-62.
50.
Smith, A. S. (1995). Patient participation in changing behaviors. Home Healthcare Nurse, 13 (2), 45-49.
51.
Smith, D. W. (1995). Power and spirituality in polio survivors. Nursing Science Quarterly, 8, 133-139.
52.
Stoekle, M. L. (1993). Waiting for a second chance at life: An examination of health-related hardiness, uncertainty, power, and the environment in adults on the kidney transplant waiting list. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati.
53.
Thornton, L. (1996). A study of Reiki using Rogers' science, Part I and II. Rogerian Nursing Science News: Newsletter of the Society of Rogerian Scholars, 8 (3 & 4), 13-14.
54.
Trangenstein, P. A. (1988). The relationships of power and diversity to job satisfaction and job involvement: An empirical investigation of Rogers' principle of integrality. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York.
55.
Winstead-Fry, P., Paletta, J., Barrett, E. A. M., Krause, K., Lee, W. H., Nojima, Y., Olsson, H. (1996). Transcultural exploration of measurement scales for the study of Rogers' conceptual model. Unpublished manuscript.
56.
Wynd, C. A. (1992). Personal power imagery and relaxation techniques used in smoking cessation programs. American Journal of Health Promotion, 6, 184-189, 196-196.
