The purpose of this review was to examine published research on basic conditioning factors described in Orem’s self-care deficit theory of nursing, in order to identify operational definitions, measurement strategies, and the results of the analyses. Thirty-five research articles published between 1987 and 1997 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Consensus or lack of consensus in operational definitions for specific factors was determined and successful measurement methods were identified. Recommendations are made for revising conceptual and operational definitions. Suggested measurement strategies for the factors are discussed.
Ailinger, R. A. , & Dear, M. R. (1993). Self-care agency in persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care and Research, 6, 134-140.
2.
Ailinger, R. A. , & Dear, M. R. (1997). An examination of the self-care needs of clients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rehabilitation Nursing, 22(3), 135-140.
3.
Anastasio, M. , McMahan, T., Daniels, A., Nicholas, P., & Paul-Simon, A. (1995). Self-care burden in women with human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 6(3), 31-42.
4.
Carroll, D. (1995). The importance of self-efficacy expectations in elderly patients recovering from coronary artery bypass. Heart & Lung, 24(1), 50-59.
5.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
6.
Conner-Warren, R. (1996). Pain intensity and home pain management of children with sickle cell disease. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 19, 183-195.
7.
Dashiff, C. J. (1992). Self-care capabilities in Black girls in anticipation of menarche. Health Care for Women International, 13, 67-76.
8.
Denyes, M. J. (1988). Orem’s model used for health promotion: Directions from research. Advances in Nursing Science, 11, 13-21.
9.
Dodd, M. J. , & Dibble, S. (1993). Predictors of self-care: A test of Orem’s model. Oncology Nursing Forum, 20(6), 895-901.
10.
Freston, M. , Young, S., Calhoun, S., Fredericksen, T., Salinger, L., Malchodi, C., & Egan, J. (1997). Responses of pregnant women to potential preterm labor symptoms. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 26(1), 35-41.
11.
Frey, M. A. , & Denyes, M. J. (1989). Health and illness self-care in adolescents with IDDM: A test of Orem’s theory. Advances in Nursing Science, 12, 67-75.
12.
Gaffney, K. F. , & Moore, J. B. (1996). Testing Orem’s theory of self-care deficit: Dependent care agent performance for children. Nursing Science Quarterly, 9, 160-164.
13.
Geden, E. , & Taylor, S. (1991). Construct and empirical validity of the self-as-carer inventory. Nursing Research, 40, 47-50.
14.
Hanucharurnkul, S. (1989). Predictors of self-care in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Cancer Nursing, 12(1), 21-27.
15.
Jirovec, M. , & Kasno, J. (1990). Self-care agency as a function of patient environmental factors among nursing home residents. Research in Nursing and Health, 13, 303-309.
16.
Lawrence, D. , & Schank, M. (1995). Health care diaries of young women. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 12(3), 171-182.
17.
Lile, J. , & Hoffman, R. (1991). Medication taking by the frail elderly in two ethnic groups. Nursing Forum, 26(4), 9-24.
18.
Mapanga, K. , & Andrews, C. (1995). The influence of family and friends’ basic conditioning factors and self-care agency on unmarried teenage primiparas’engagement in contraceptive practice. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 12(2), 89-100.
19.
McCaleb, A. , & Edgil, A. (1994). Self-concept and self-care practices of healthy adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 9(4), 233-238.
20.
Meleis, A. I. , Lipson, J. G., & Paul, S. M. (1992). Ethnicity and health among five middle eastern immigrant groups. Nursing Research, 41(2), 98-103.
21.
Moore, J. B. (1993). Predictors of children’s self-care performance: Testing the theory of self-care deficit. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice: An International Journal, 7, 199-212.
22.
Moore, J. B. , & Mosher, R. (1997). Adjustment responses of children and their mothers to cancer: Self-care and anxiety. Oncology Nursing Forum, 24(3),519-525.
23.
Orem, D. E. (1995). Nursing: Concepts of practice (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Year Book.
24.
Rhodes, V. , Watson, P., & Hanson, B. (1988). Patient’s descriptions of the influence of tiredness and weakness on self-care abilities. Cancer Nursing, 11(3), 186-194.
25.
Schott-Baer, D. (1993). Dependent care, caregiver burden, and self-care agency of spouse caregivers. Cancer Nursing, 16(3), 230-236.
26.
Taylor, S. G. (1989). An interpretation of family within Orem’s general theory of nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 2, 131-137.
27.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service . (1991). Healthy people 2000: National health promotion and disease prevention objectives (DHHS Publication No. 91-50213). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
28.
Utz, S. W. , Hammer, J., Whitmire, V. M., & Grass, S. (1990). Perceptions of body image and health status in persons with mitral valve prolapse. Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 22(1), 18-22.
29.
Villarruel, A. (1995). Mexican-American cultural meanings, expressions, self-care and dependent-care actions associated with experiences of pain. Research in Nursing & Health, 18, 427-436.
30.
Ward-Griffin, C. , & Bramwell, L. (1990). The congruence of elderly client and nurse perceptions of the clients’self-care agency. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 1070-1077.
31.
Zadinsky, J. , & Boyle, J. (1996). Experiences of women with chronic pelvic pain. Healthcare for Women International, 17, 223-232.
