A number of scholars assert that state and federal courts are in a new relationship, labeled the "new judicial federalism," that began in the 1970s when the Burger Court started to retreat from and limit the Warren Court's expansive interpretations of federal civil liberties protections. Under this relationship, state courts have developed an independent body of state constitutional law in criminal procedure, oftentimes engaging in "state constitutional policymaking" by interpreting provisions of their state bills of rights more broadly than the U.S. Supreme Court's interpre tation of analogous provisions of the U.S. Constitution.
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