Controversy exists regarding whether specialized courts, specifically drug courts, adhere to the restorative justice model. Veterans treatment courts (VTCs) are the newest programmatic innovation in the specialized court arena and have not been widely studied to date. This study utilizes data from the first in-depth case study of a VTC and explores whether it embodies the restorative justice ideal. Using both quantitative and qualitative data, we find that the VTC does not fully embody the restorative justice agenda, but it adheres closer to the ideal than drug courts.
BaldwinJ. M. (2013b). Veterans treatment courts: Studying dissemination, implementation, and impact of treatment-oriented criminal courts (Doctoral dissertation). University of Florida, Gainesville.
4.
BaldwinJ. M. (in press). Examining the programmatic attack: A national survey of policy and practice in veterans treatment courts.
5.
BelenkoS. (2002). The challenges of conducting research in drug treatment court settings. Substance Use & Misuse, 37, 1635-1664.
6.
BraithwaiteJ. (1989). Crime, shame, and reintegration. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
7.
BraithwaiteJ. (1999). Restorative justice: Assessing optimistic and pessimistic accounts. In TonryM. (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 25, pp. 1-127). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
8.
BraithwaiteJ. (2001). Restorative justice and a new criminal law of substance abuse. Youth & Society, 33, 227-248.
9.
DattaL. (1990). Case study evaluations. GAO/PEMD-91-10.1.9. Washington, DC: U.S. General Accounting Office.
10.
DaveyL. (1991). The application of case study evaluations. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 2. Retrieved from: http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=2&n=9
11.
DeLeonG. (1991). Retention in drug-free therapeutic communities. In PickensR. W.LeukefeldC. G.SchusterC. R. (Eds.), Improving drug abuse treatment (National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph No. 106, pp. 218-241). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
12.
ElderG. E.ClippE. C. (1988). Wartime losses and social bonding: Influences across 40 years in men’s lives. Psychiatry, 51, 177-198.
13.
FarabeeD.PrendergarstM.AnglinM. D. (1998). The effectiveness of coerced treatment for drug-abusing offenders. Federal Probation, 62, 3-10.
14.
FulkersonA.KeenaL. D.O’BreinE. (2013). Understanding success and nonsuccess in the drug court. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 57, 1297-1316.
15.
General Accountability Office. (2005). Adult drug courts: Evidence indicates recidivism reductions and mixed results for other outcomes. Washington, DC: United States General Accountability Office.
16.
HeckC.RoussellA.CulhaneS. E. (2009). Assessing the effects of the drug court intervention on offender criminal trajectories. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 20, 236-246.
17.
HubbardR. L.MarsdenM. E.RachalJ. V.HarwoodH. J.CavanaughE. R.GinzburgH. M. (1989). Drug abuse treatment: A national study of effectiveness. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
18.
JohnsJ. H.BickelM. D.BladesA. C.CreelJ. B.GatlingW. S.HinkleJ. M.. . .StocksS. E. (1984). Cohesion in the US military. Washington, DC: National Defense University.
19.
KingA. (2006). The word of command: Communication cohesion in the military. Armed Forces & Society, 32, 493-512.
20.
KirkeC. (2010). Military cohesion, culture, and social psychology. Defense & Security Analysis, 26, 143-159.
21.
LutzF. E.van WormerJ. E. (2007). The nexus between drug and alcohol treatment integrity and drug court effectiveness. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 18, 226-245.
22.
MarshallT. (1999). Restorative justice: An overview. London, England: Home Office.
23.
National Institute of Justice. (2006). Drug courts: The second decade. Washington, DC: Author.
24.
O’HearM. (2009). Rethinking drug courts: Restorative justice as a response to racial injustice. Stanford Law & Policy Review, 20, 463-499.
25.
OliverL. W.HarmanJ.HooverE.HayesS. M.PandhiN. A. (1999). A quantitative integration of military cohesion literature. Military Psychology, 19, 57-83.
26.
RocheD. (2006). Dimensions of restorative justice. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
27.
RussellR. T. (2009). Veterans treatment court: A proactive approach. New England Journal on Criminal and Civil Confinement, 35, 357-372.
28.
SchiffM. F. (1998). Restorative justice interventions for juvenile offenders: A research agenda for the next decade. Western Criminology Review, 1. Retrieved from http://wcr.sonoma.edu/v1n1/schiff.html
29.
SeiboldG. L. (1999). The evolution and measurement of cohesion. Military Psychology, 11, 5-26.
30.
SeiboldG. L. (2006). Military group cohesion. In BrittT. W.CastroC. A.AdlerA. B. (Eds.), Military life: The psychology of serving in peace and combat (pp. 185-201). Westport, CT: Praeger Security.
31.
SeiboldG. L. (2007). The essence of military group cohesion. Armed Forces & Society, 33, 286-295.
32.
SeiboldG. L. (2011). Key questions and challenges to the standard model of military group cohesion. Armed Forces & Society, 37, 448-468.
ShaplandJ.RobinsonG.SorsbyA. (2011). Restorative Justice in Practice: Evaluating what works for victims and offenders. New York, NY: Routledge.
35.
StewartN. K. (1988). South Atlantic conflict of 1982: A case study in military cohesion. Alexandria, VA: Army Research Institute for Behavioral and Social Sciences.
36.
WoodW. R. (2013). Soliciting community involvement and support for restorative justicethrough community service. Criminal Justice Policy Review. doi: 10.1177/0887403413499580
