The Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) is a 72-item, self-report measure designed to predict recidivism, supervision violations, and related behaviors among non-mentally disordered Canadian federal offenders. In the present article, the authors demonstrate that the SAQ maintains satisfactory predictive validity on cross-validation with a high-risk correctional psychiatric sample.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Baird, C. (1985). Classifying juveniles: Making the most out of an important management tool. Corrections Today, 47, 32-38.
2.
Bonta, J. (1999). Approaches to offender risk assessments: Statistic vs. dynamic (Research Summary, Vol. 2). Ottawa, Canada: Solicitor General Canada, Corrections Research and Development.
3.
Gottfredson, D. (1987). Statistical and actuarial considerations. In F. Dutile & C. Foust (Eds.), The prediction of violence (pp. 71-81). Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
4.
Hare, R. D. (1985). A checklist for the assessment of psychopathy in criminal populations. In M. H. Ben-Aron, S. J. Hucker, & C. D. Webster (Eds.), Clinical criminology: The assessment and treatment of criminal behavior. Toronto, Canada: M & M Graphics.
5.
Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Quinsey, V. L. (1993). Violent recidivism of mentally disordered offenders: The development of a statistical prediction instrument. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 20, 315-335.
6.
Kendall, P. C., & Norton-Ford, J. D. (1982). Clinical psychology: Scientific and professional dimensions. New York: John Wiley.
7.
Kroner, D., & Loza, W. (2001). Evidence for the efficacy of self-report in predicting violent and nonviolent criminal recidivism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16, 168-177.
8.
Kuriychuk, M. (1990). The assessment of psychopathy and risk-taking behaviour. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
9.
Loza, W. (1996). Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ): A tool for assessing violent and non-violent recidivism. Unpublished manuscript.
10.
Loza, W. (2002, July 8-12). Do offenders deceive and lie on self-report measures predicting their behavior? Example from the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ). Paper presented at the 27th International Congress on Law and Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
11.
Loza, W., Dhaliwal, G., Kroner, D., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2000). Reliability, construct, and concurrent validities of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire: A tool for assessing violent and non-violent recidivism. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 27, 356-374.
12.
Loza, W., & Green, K. (2003). The Self-Appraisal Questionnaire: A self-report measure for predicting recidivism versus clinician-administered measures. A 5-year follow-up study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18, 1-17.
13.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (1999a). Anger and prediction of violent and non-violent offender's recidivism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14, 1014-1029.
14.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (1999b). The fallacy of reducing rape and violent recidivism by treating anger. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 43(4), 492-502.
15.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2000). Predictive validity of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ): A tool for assessing violent and non-violent release failures. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15, 1183-1191.
16.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2001). The effectiveness of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) in predicting offenders' post-release outcome: A comparison study. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28, 105-121.
17.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2002). The effectiveness of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) as an offenders' classification measure. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17, 3-13.
18.
Loza, W., Villeneuve, D. B., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2002). Predictive validity of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG): A tool for assessing violent offenders' recidivism. Law and Psychiatry, 25, 85-92.
19.
Loza, W., & Loza-Fanous, A. (in press). More evidence for the validity of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) for predicting violent and non-violent recidivism: A 5-year follow-up study. Criminal Justice and Behavior.
20.
Menzies, R. J., Webster, C. D., & Sepejak, D. S. (1985). The dimensions of dangerousness: Evaluating the accuracy of psychometric predictions of violence among forensic patients. Law and Human Behavior, 9, 35-56.
21.
Monahan, J. (1981). The prediction of violent behavior. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
22.
Motiuk, M., Motiuk, L., & Bonta, J. (1992). A comparison between self-report and interview-based inventories in offender classification. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 19, 143-159.
23.
Villeneuve, D. B., & Quinsey, V. L. (1995). Predictors of general and violent recidivism among mentally disordered inmates. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 22, 397-410.
24.
Webster, C. D., Dickens, B. M., & Adario, S. M. (1985). Constructing dangerousness: Scientific, legal, and policy implications. Unpublished research report, Center of Criminology, University of Toronto, Canada.
25.
Webster, C. D., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Cormier, C., & Quinsey, V. L. (1994). The violence prediction scheme: Assessing dangerousness in high-risk men. Research report, Center of Criminology, University of Toronto, Canada.
26.
Wiggins, J. S. (1973). Personality and prediction: Principles of personality assessment. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.