Abramovitz, M. (1994). Challenging the myths of welfare reform from a woman's perspectiveSocial Justice , 21(1), 17-21.
2.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1980 ). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rded.). Washington, DC: Author.
3.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1994 ). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
4.
Blake, D.D., Albano, A.M., & Keane, T.M. (1992). Twenty years of trauma: Psychological abstracts 1970 through 1989Journal of Traumatic Stress , 5(3), 477-484.
5.
Fainstein, S.S., & Fainstein, N.I. (1989). The racial dimension in urban political economyUrban Affairs Quarterly , 25,187-199.
6.
Gerdes, K.E., & Brown-Standridge, M. (1997). Discovering rules that govern AFDC recipient-worker interactions: A qualitative studyJournal of Applied Social Sciences, 21(2), 3-9.
7.
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligenceNew York: Bantam.
8.
Herman, J.L. (1992). Trauma and recoveryNew York : Basic Books.
9.
Mead, L.M. (1988). The hidden jobs debatePublic Interest, 91, 40-58.
10.
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Act (1996). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
11.
Polakow, V. (1993). Lives on the edgeChicago: University of Chicago Press.
12.
Rolison, G.L. (1991). An explanation of the term underclass as it relates to African AmericansJournal of Black Studies , 21, 287-301.
13.
Roth, S., & Newman, E. (1992). The role of helplessness in the recovery process for sexual trauma survivorsCanadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 24, 220-232.
14.
Smucker, M.R., Dancu, C., Foa, E.B., & Niederee, J.L. (1995). Imagery rescripting: A new treatment for survivors of childhood sexual abuse suffering from post traumatic stressJournal of Cognitive Psychotherapy , 9(1), 3-17.
15.
van der Kolk, B., Greenberg, M., Boyd, H., & Krystal, J. (1985). Inescapable shock, neurotransmitters, and addiction to trauma: Toward a psychobiology of post traumatic stressBiological Psychiatry, 20 , 314-325.
16.
Vinovskis, M.A. (1988). Teenage pregnancy and the underclassPublic Interest, 93,87-96.
17.
Wilson, W.J. (1987). The truly disadvantagedChicago : University of Chicago Press.
18.
Yegidis, B.L., & Weinbach, R.W. (1996). Research methods for social workersBoston: Allyn & Bacon .