The counterpulsation technique has been widely used for the as sistance of the acutely failing left ventricle utilizing the intraaortic balloon pump. However, a variety of other counterpulsation devices are available. To evaluate a counterpulsation device several variables need to be considered: (1) experimental and clinical determination of the salutary effects of the device on the left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac output, aortic pressures, left ven tricular end-diastolic pressure, tension-time index, diastolic pressure-time in dex and endocardial viability ratio; (2) experimental and clinical estimation of the device biocompatibility, and (3) the clinical improvement of the assisted patients.
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