Different types of wounds have different requirements of a wound sealant. One of the requirements of concern is the adaptability of the mechanical properties of biomaterials to native tissues. However, the mechanical properties of current sealant are untunable or adjustable in a small range normally. Therefore, the scope of application of these sealant is limited. In this study, we developed hyperbranched polyester (HBP)-based UV-curable sealant with tunable mechanical properties. This sealant was cured under UV-light for 2 minutes and exhibited strong adhesion with tissues. The shear adhesive strength of it to the porcine skin ranged between 20–30 kPa, which was higher than the fibrin glue (∼10 kPa). Moreover, the elastic modulus of the sealant in a tensile test ranged between 27–54 MPa, depending on the degree of acrylation of the HBPs. Additionally, we assessed the biocompatibility of the sealant by co-culturing it with mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) for 7 days and discovered that the cell viability was unaffected. This sealant with a tunable elastic modulus might be a promising candidate for treating wounds with different elastic moduli.
WeiserTGHaynesABMolinaG, et al. Estimate of the global volume of surgery in 2012: an assessment supporting improved health outcomes. Lancet2015; 385: S11.
2.
WeiserTGRegenbogenSEThompsonKD, et al. An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet2008; 372: 139–144.
3.
GurtnerGCWernerSBarrandonY, et al. Wound repair and regeneration. Nature2008; 453: 314–321.
4.
EdwardsLCDunphyJE.Wound healing: injury and abnormal repair. N Engl J Med1958; 259: 275–285.
5.
McKeeCTLastJARussellP, et al. Indentation versus tensile measurements of Young’s modulus for soft biological tissues. Tissue Eng Part B Rev2011; 17: 155–164.
6.
AttingerCEBulanEJ.The key initial first step in wound healing. Foot Ankle Clin2001; 6: 627–660.
SchreaderKJBayerISMilnerDJ, et al. A polyurethane-based nanocomposite biocompatible bone adhesive. J Appl Polym Sci2013; 127: 4974–4982.
16.
WistlichLRückerASchamelM, et al. A bone glue with sustained adhesion under wet conditions. Adv Healthcare Mater2017; 6: 1600902.
17.
BhagatVBeckerML.Degradable adhesives for surgery and tissue engineering. Biomacromolecules2017; 18: 3009–3039.
18.
MeredithHJWilkerJJ.The interplay of modulus, strength, and ductility in adhesive design using biomimetic polymer chemistry. Adv Funct Mater2015; 25: 5057–5065.
19.
DuarteAPCoelhoJFBordadoJC, et al. Surgical adhesives: systematic review of the main types and development forecast. Prog Polym Sci2012; 37: 1031–1050.
20.
BoutenPJZonjeeMBenderJ, et al. The chemistry of tissue adhesive materials. Prog Polym Sci2014; 39: 1375–1405.
21.
ImamSHBilbao-SainzCChiouB-S, et al. Biobased adhesives, gums, emulsions, and binders: current trends and future prospects. J Adhes Sci Technol2013; 27: 1972–1997.
22.
BaeSKSungT-HKimJ-D.A soft-tissue gelatin bioadhesive reinforced with a proteinoid. J Adhes Sci Technol2002; 16: 361–372.
23.
YangJBaiRChenB, et al. Hydrogel adhesion: a supramolecular synergy of chemistry, topology, and mechanics. Adv Funct Mater2020; 30: 1901693.
24.
LimJIHyeonSJLeeW-K.Enhanced chemophysical properties by bis-GMA-modified allyl 2-cyanoacrylate-based bioadhesives for hard tissue. J Adhes Sci Technol2017; 31: 149–158.
25.
KireevaPENovikovMBSinghP, et al. Tensile properties and adhesion of water-absorbing hydrogels based on ternary poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)/poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(methacrylic acid-coethylacrylate) blends. J Adhes Sci Technol2007; 21: 531–557.
26.
WangY.Bioadaptability: an innovative concept for biomaterials. J Mater Sci Technol2016; 32: 801–809.
27.
GibsonLJ.The mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone. J Biomech1985; 18: 317–328.
28.
LangNPereiraMJLeeY, et al. A blood-resistant surgical glue for minimally invasive repair of vessels and heart defects. Sci Transl Med2014; 6: 218ra6.
29.
AssmannAVeghAGhasemi-RadM, et al. A highly adhesive and naturally derived sealant. Biomaterials2017; 140: 115–127.
TomutaAFerrandoFSerraÀ, et al. New aromatic–aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters with vinylic end groups of different length as modifiers of epoxy/anhydride thermosets. React Funct Polym2012; 72: 556–563.
32.
BochyńskaAIVan TienenTGHanninkG, et al. Development of biodegradable hyper-branched tissue adhesives for the repair of meniscus tears. Acta Biomater2016; 32: 1–9.
33.
AlbrechtKHirabayashiYOtakeM, et al. Polymerization of a divalent/tetravalent metal-storing atom-mimicking dendrimer. Sci Adv2016; 2: e1601414.
34.
AnnabiNZhangY-NAssmannA, et al. Engineering a highly elastic human protein–based sealant for surgical applications. Sci Transl Med2017; 9: eaai7466.
35.
LehnerBFleischmannWBeckerR, et al. First experiences with negative pressure wound therapy and instillation in the treatment of infected orthopaedic implants: a clinical observational study. Int Orthop (Sicot)2011; 35: 1415–1420.
