Targeted gold nanoshelled hybrid nanocapsules encapsulating doxorubicin for bimodal imaging and near-infrared triggered synergistic therapy of Her2-positve breast cancer

Abstract

A multifunctional targeted nanoplatform combining photothermal therapy and chemotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for comprehensive therapies of breast cancer. In this study, we constructed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2)-targeted gold nanoshelled poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) hybrid nanocapsules encapsulating perfluorooctyl bromide, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and doxorubicin (Her2-GPDH nanocapsules) as theranostic agent for bimodal ultrasound/magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy of Her2-postive breast cancer cells. Her2–GPDH nanocomposites possessed well-defined spherical morphology, and the average diameter was about 296 nm with good dispersion. Targeting assays demonstrated that Her2–GPDH nanocapsules exhibited higher targeting binding to Her2-positive SKBR3 cells than Her2-negative MDA-MB-231cells. The encapsulation efficiency and the loading content of doxorubicin in Her2–GPDH nanocapsules were 39 ± 1.45% and 3.8 ± 0.52%, respectively, and the agent exhibited pH-responsive and near-infrared light-triggered stepwise release behavior of doxorubicin. In vitro, the agent had potential to serve as feasible candidate for ultrasound imaging and T₂-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with a relatively high relaxivity. Cell experiments confirmed that the agent had significant photothermal cytotoxicity on SKBR3 cells, and the combined photothermal–chemotherapy could significantly enhance the anti-tumor effect. In summary, the present Her2–GPDH nanocapsules, a novel multifunctional nanoplatform, will offer a new way for early bimodal molecular-level diagnosis and synergistic treatment of Her2-positve breast cancer.