Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NAIS) is arare, potentially life-threatening disorder that results from the use of neuroleptics, a class of drugs that is being used with increasing frequency in intensive care units (ICUs). Unfortunately, critically ill patients typically have coexisting conditions that make accurate diagnosis of NAIS difficult and complicate treatment decisions. Diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and treatment options for NMS are discussed; case examples are provided.
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