In this study, nanofibers against pro dimorphic fungal sessile growth were developed. Quercetin was successfully encapsulated within poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)–poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibers using an electrospinning technique. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectrometer were used to confirm the formation as well as encapsulation of quercetin within the nanofibers. These fabricated nanofibers were further evaluated to determine the effectiveness of the antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans. The cytocompatibility of quercetin-encapsulated nanofibers was found to be similar to control and pure polymeric nanofibers based on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay against human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell lines. These fabricated nanofibers potentially could be used as coatings on biomedical devices to inhibit microbial contaminations.
DouglasJL. Medical importance of biofilms in Candida infections. Rev Iberoam Micol2002; 19: 139–143.
2.
SubhaTSGnanamaniA. Candida biofilm perfusion using active fractions of Acorus calamus. J Anim Plant Sci2009; 4(2): 363–371.
3.
BachmannSPWalleKVRamageG. In vitro activity of caspofungin against Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother2002; 46: 3591–3596.
4.
MendesAMoresAUCarvalhoAP. Candida albicans biofilms produce more secreted aspartyl protease than the planktonic cells. Biol Pharm Bull2007; 30(9): 1813–1815.
5.
RamageGMartínezJPLópez-RibotJL. Candida biofilms on implanted biomaterials: a clinically significant problem. FEMS Yeast Res2006; 6(7): 979–986.
6.
NettJLincolnLMarchilloK. Putative role of β-1,3 glucans in Candida albicans biofilm resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother2007; 51(2): 510–520.
7.
HeMDuMFanM. In vitro activity of eugenol against Candida albicans biofilms. Mycopathologia2007; 163: 137–143.
8.
IshidaKde MelloJCCortezDA. Influence of tannins from Stryphnodendron adstringens on growth and virulence factors of Candida albicans. J Antimicrob Chemother2006; 58: 942–949.
9.
DevkatteANZoreGBKaruppayilSM. Potential of plant oils as inhibitors of Candida albicans growth. FEMS Yeast Res2005; 5: 867–873.
10.
BakovaZKolesarovaA. Bioflavonoid quercetin-food sources, bioavailability, absorption and effect on animal cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol Food Sci2012; 2: 426–433.
11.
LakhanpalPRaiDK. Quercetin: a versatile flavonoid. Internet J Med Update2007; 2(2): 22–37.
12.
TempestiTCAlvarezMGde AraujoMF. Antifungal activity of a novel quercetin derivative bearing a trifluoromethyl group on Candida albicans. Med Chem Res2012; 21: 2217–2222.
13.
RamosFATakaishiYShirotoriM. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of quercetin oxidation products from yellow onion (Allium cepa) skin. J Agric Food Chem2006; 54: 3551–3557.
14.
KumariAYadavSKPakadeYB. Nanoencapsulation and characterization of Albizia chinensis isolated antioxidant quercitrin on PLA nanoparticles. Colloid Surf B Biointerfaces2011; 82: 224–232.
15.
SunXZhangLCaoZ. Electrospun composite nanofiber fabrics containing uniformly dispersed antimicrobial agents as an innovative type of polymeric materials with superior antimicrobial efficacy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces2010; 2: 952–956.
16.
VolpatoZFLopesSRamosF. Physical and in vitro biological evaluation of a PA6/MWCNT electrospun composite for biomedical applications. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26(1): 35–47.
17.
XingZCMengWYuanJ. In vitro assessment of antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of quercetin-containing PLGA nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering. J Nanomater2012; 2012: 1–7.
WangSZhengFHuangY. Encapsulation of amoxicillin within laponite-doped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibers: preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces2012; 4: 6393−6401.
20.
LiuYMaGFangD. Effects of solution properties and electric field on the electrospinning of hyaluronic acid. Carbohyd Polym2011; 83: 1011–1015.
21.
ZhangH. Effects of electrospinning parameters on morphology and diameter of electrospun PLGA/MWNTs fibers and cytocompatibility in vitro. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26: 590–606.
22.
PuppiDPirasAMDettaN. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-based electrospun meshes as potential candidate scaffolds in regenerative medicine. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26: 20–34.
23.
WangPGongPLinY. Nanofibrous electrospun barrier membrane promotes osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26: 607–618.
24.
PoolHQuintanarDFigueroaJD. Antioxidant effects of quercetin and catechin encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles. J Nanomater2012; 2012: 1–12.
25.
TranNQJoungYKChoiJH. In situ–forming quercetin-conjugated heparin hydrogels for blood compatible and antiproliferative metal coating. J Bioact Compat Polym2012; 27: 313–326.
26.
OlejniczakSPotrzebowskiMJ. Solid state NMR studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of conformers of quercetin. Org Biomol Chem2004; 2: 2315–2322.
27.
BorghettiGSLulaISSinisterraRD. Quercetin/β-cyclodextrin solid complexes prepared in aqueous solution followed by spray-drying or by physical mixture. AAPS PharmSciTech2009; 10: 235–242.
28.
JoshiSAChavhanSSSawantKK. Rivastigmine loaded PLGA and PBCA nanoparticles: preparation, optimization, characterization, in vitro and pharmacodynamic studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm2010; 76: 189–199.
29.
SchierholzJMBeuthJ. Implant infections: a haven for opportunistic bacteria. J Hosp Infect2001; 49: 87–93.
30.
HattoriMKusumotoITNambaT. Effect of tea polyphenols on glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans. Chem Pharm Bull1990; 38: 717–720.
31.
StauderMPapettiADagliaM. Inhibitory activity by barley coffee components towards Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Curr Microbiol2010; 61(5): 417–421.
32.
MosmannT. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods1983; 65: 55–63.
33.
PuociFMorelliCCirilloG. Anticancer activity of a quercetin-based polymer towards HeLa cancer cells. Anticancer Res2012; 32: 2843–2847.
34.
HiepNTLeeBT. Electro-spinning of PLGA/PCL blends for tissue engineering and their biocompatibility. J Mater Sci: Mater Med2010; 21: 1969–1978.
35.
IgnatovaMYossifovaLGardevaE. Antiproliferative activity of nanofibers containing quaternized chitosan and/or doxorubicin against MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line by apoptosis. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26(6): 539–551.
