A poly(glycerol-sebacate-(5-fluorouracil-1-acetic acid)) polymer with potential use for cancer therapy

Abstract

In this study, 5-fluorouracil-1-acetic acid was chemically conjugated with poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS) to form a unitary polymer poly(glycerol-sebacate- (5-fluorouracil-1-acetic acid)) (PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH). The structure, the in vitro antitumor activity of 5-FU-CH₂COOH, the in vitro degradation, the drug release, and antitumor activity as well as the in vivo degradation and tissue biocompatibility of PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH were investigated. The 5-FU-CH₂COOH inhibited HeLa (human cervical cancer cell line) and SGC-7901 (human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line) tumor cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 0.196 and 0.267 μM, respectively, after a 3-day incubation. The in vitro drug release profiles of PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH exhibited a biphasic release with an initial exponential phase in the first week and then the second constant linear phase. An in vitro antitumor assay of the PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH polymer showed significant cytotoxicity against tumor cells. The implanted PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH degraded completely in 1 month after implantation. The antitumor activity and improved drug release profile of PGS-5-FU-CH₂COOH indicate its potential as an implantable polymer for cancer therapy.