A tubular polyurethane (PU) sandwich-like, adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)/gelatin/alginate/ fibrin construct was fabricated using a double-nozzle, low-temperature (—20°C) deposition technique. The ADSCs survived the fabrication and cryopreservation stages by incorporating a cryoprotectant (glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) in the cell/hydrogel system. With 5% DMSO or 10% glycerol alone in the hydrogel, the cell viabilities were retained (73% and 62%, respectively). The three-dimensional construct was effectively preserved below —80°C for more than 1 week. After the freeze/thaw processes, cell viability and proliferation ability were regained. This strategy has the potential to be widely used in complex organ manufacturing techniques.
Wang XH, Yan YN, Pan YQ, Xiong Z., Liu HX, Cheng J., et al. Generation of three-dimensional hepatocyte/gelatin structures with rapid prototyping system. Tissue Eng2006; 12(1): 83-90.
2.
Yan YN, Wang XH, Xiong Z., Liu HX, Liu F., Lin F., et al. Direct construction of a three-dimensional structure with cells and hydrogel. J Bioact Compat Polym2005; 20(3): 259-269.
3.
Yan YN, Wang XH, Pan YQ, Liu HX, Cheng J., Xiong Z., et al. Fabrication of viable tissue-engineered constructs with 3D cell-assembly technique. Biomaterials2005; 26(29): 5864-5871.
4.
Xu W., Wang XH, Yan YN, Zhang W., Xiong Z., Lin F., et al. Rapid prototyping three-dimensional cell/gelatin/fibrinogen constructs for medical regeneration. J Bioact Compat Polym2007; 22(4): 363-377.
5.
Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJRapid prototyping as a tool for manufacturing bioartificial livers. Trends Biotechnol2007; 25(11): 505-513.
6.
Guarino V., Alvarez-Perez M., Cirillo V. and Ambrosio L.HMSC interaction with PCL and PCL/gelatin platforms: a comparative study on films and electrospun membranes. J Bioact Compat Polym, 2011; 26(2): 144-160.
7.
Yao R., Zhang RJ and Wang XHDesign and evaluation of a cell microencapsulating device for cell assembly technology. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(S1): 48-62.
8.
Yao R., Zhang RJ, Yan YN and Wang XH In Vitro angiogenesis of 3D tissue engineered adipose tissue. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(1): 5-24.
9.
Xu ME, Yan YN, Liu HX, Yao R. and Wang XHControl adipose-derived stromal cells differentiation into adipose and endothelial cells in a 3-D structure established by cell-assembly technique. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(S1): 31-47.
10.
Li SJ, Yan YN, Xiong Z., Weng CY, Zhang RJ and Wang XHGradient hydrogel construct based on an improved cell assembling system. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(S1): 84-99.
11.
Li SJ, Xiong Z., Wang XH, Yan YN, Liu HX and Zhang RJDirect fabrication of a hybrid cell/ hydrogel construct via a double-nozzle assembling technology. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(3): 249-264.
12.
Yin DZ, Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJPreliminary studies on peripheral nerve regeneration using a new polyurethane conduit. J Bioact Compat Polym2007; 22(2): 143-159.
13.
Yan YN, Wang XH, Yin DZ and Zhang RJA new polyurethane/heparin vascular graft for small-caliber vein repair. J Bioact Compat Polym2007; 22(3): 323-341.
14.
Patel A. and Mequanint K.Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane-block-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels and their surface modification to promote cell affinity. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26(2): 114-129.
15.
Wang XH, Li DP, Wang WJ, Feng QL, Cui FZ, Xu YX, et al. Crosslinked collagen/chitosan matrix for artificial livers. Biomaterials2003; 24: 3213-3220.
16.
Wang XH, Cui FZ, Feng QL, Li JC and Zhang YHPreparation and characterization of collagen/chitosan matrices as potential biomaterials. J Bioact Compat Polym2003; 18: 453-467.
17.
Wang XH, Yan Y., Zhang R., Fan YW, Cui FZ, Feng QL, et al. Anastomosis of small arteries using a soluble stent and bioglue . J Bioact Compat Polym2004; 19: 409-419.
18.
Wang XH, Yan Y., Lin F., Xiong Z., Wu R., Zhang R., et al. Preparation and characterization of a collagen/chitosan matrix for an implantable bioartificial liver. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed2005; 16: 1063-1080.
19.
Yu X., Bichtelen A., Wang X., Yan Y., Lin F., Xiong Z., et al. Collagen/chitosan/heparin complex with improved biocompatibility for hepatic tissue engineering. J Bioact Compat Polym2005; 20: 15-28.
20.
Wang XH, Yan YN, Xiong Z., Lin F., Wu RD, Zhang RJ, et al. Preparation and evaluation of ammonia treated collagen/chitosan matrices for liver tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater2005; 75: 91-98.
21.
Wang XH, Yu X., Yan YN and Zhang RDLiver tissue responses to gelatin and gelatin/chitosan gels. J Biomed Mater Res2008; 87A: 62-68.
22.
Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJA comparison of chitosan and collagen sponges as heostatic dressings. J Bioact Compat Polym2006; 21: 39-54.
23.
Ma X., Wu XM, Duan HX, Fu T. and Ma XDRapid anti-tumor effects of gelatin sponge/nanoβ-TCP construct on SKOV-3 human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. J Bioact Compat Polym2011; 26(2): 101-113.
24.
Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJRecent trends and challenges in complex organ manufacturing. Tissue Eng Part B2010; 16: 189-197.
25.
Xu W., Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJRapid prototyping of polyurethane for the creation of vascular systems. J Bioact Compat Polym2008; 23(2): 103-114, (Featured by Nature China on May 3, 2008).
26.
Xu W., Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJA polyurethane-gelatin hybrid construct for the manufacturing of implantable bioartificial livers. J Bioact Compat Polym2008; 23(5): 409-422.
27.
Cui TK, Yan YN, Zhang RJ, Liu L., Xu W. and Wang XHRapid prototyping of a double layer polyurethane-collagen conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration. Tissue Eng: Part C2009 ; 15(1): 1-9.
28.
Cui TK, Wang XH, Yan YN and Zhang RJRapid prototyping a new polyurethane-collagen conduit and its Schwann cell compatibility. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(S1): 5-17.
29.
Wang XH, Cui TK, Yan YN and Zhang RJPeroneal nerve regeneration along a new polyurethane-collagen guide conduit . J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(2): 109-127.
30.
Vlierberghe SV, Dubruel P. and Schacht E.Effect of cryogenic treatment on the rheological properties of gelatin hydrogels. J Bioact Compat Polym2010; 25(5): 498-512.
31.
Sui SC, Wang XH, Liu PY, Yan YN and Zhang RJCryopreservation of cells in 3D constructs based on controlled cell assembly processes. J Bioact Compat Polym2009; 24(5): 473-487.
32.
Wang XH and Xu HRIncorporation of DMSO and Dextran-40 into a gelatin/alginate hydrogel for controlled assembled cell cryopreservation. Cryobiology2010; 61: 345-351.
33.
Wang XH, Paloheimo K-S., Xu HR and Liu C.Cryopreservation of Cell/hydrogel constructs based on a new cell-assembling technique. J Bioact Compat Polym2010; 25(6): 634-653.
34.
Wang XH, Sui SC, Yan YN and Zhang RJDesign and fabrication of PLGA sandwich-like cell/fibrin constructs for complex organ regeneration. J Bioact Compat Polym2010; 25(3): 229-240.
35.
Wang XH, Sui SC and Liu C.Optimizing the step by step forming processes for fabricating a PLGA sandwich-like cell/hydrogel construct. J Appl Polym Sci2011; 120(2): 1199-1207.
36.
Wang XH, Mäkitie AA, Paloheimo K-S., Tuomi J., Paloheimo M., Sui SC, et al. Characterization of a PLGA sandwich-like cell/fibrin construct and induction of the adipose stem cells (ADSCs) into smooth muscle cells. Mater Sci Eng C2011; 31: 801-808.
37.
Wang XH and Sui SCPulsatile culture of a PLGA sandwich-like cell/hydrogel construct fabricated by a step-by-step mold/extraction method. Artif Organs2011; 35(6): 645-655.
38.
Wang XH, Mäkitie AA, Paloheimo K-S., Tuomi J., Paloheimo M. and Sui SCA tubular PLGA sandwich-like cell/hydrogel fabrication technique based on a step-by-step mold/extraction process. Adv Polym Technol , in press.
39.
Mansbridge JN, Liu K., Patch R., Symons K. and Pinney E.Three-dimensional fibroblast culture implant for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: metabolic activity and therapeutic range. Tissue Eng1998; 4: 403-414.
