Neurocognitive performance was evaluated in seven children with symptomatic partial epilepsy prior to, and at least 12 months after, discontinuation of carbamazepine. The patients treated with carbamazepine monotherapy were seizure-free for at least 2 years and without electroencephalographic anomalies for at least 1 year. Results indicated that carbamazepine at therapeutic levels does not affect intellectual, memory, or attentional functions, or more complex frontal functions. Nevertheless, after therapy withdrawal scores on frontal function tests used in this study improved significantly. This suggests that these functions could have been better without carbamazepine therapy. The fact that carbamazepine decreases neuron membrane excitability and could reduce the information circuity, particularly in the frontal areas, is offered as a possible explanation. Further studies on larger samples using the same design are required to validate these results. (J Child Neurol 1999; 14:357-362).
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