As transgender persons have gained a stronger voice within 21st century Western society, their stories have received greater prominence within the media and academia. This has spurred further social change, bringing questions about gender identity and expression into public discourse, leading for calls for systemic changes regarding how gender is defined and understood. Health leaders have ethical obligations to respond to this call and to develop and sustain health systems where safer, respectful and welcoming care and spaces are available for all patients.
BauerGRScheimAIDeutschMBMassarellaC. Reported emergency department avoidance, use, and experiences of transgender persons in Ontario, Canada: results from a respondent-driven sampling survey. Ann Emerg Med. 2014;63(6):713–720.
3.
SaferJDColemanEFeldmanJ. Barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2016;23(2):168–171.
4.
ScheimAIZongXGiblonRBauerGR. Disparities in access to family physicians among transgender people in Ontario, Canada. Int J Transgenderism. 2017;18(3):343–352.
5.
VermeirEJacksonLAMarshallEG. Barriers to primary and emergency healthcare for trans adults. Culture Health Sexuality Int J Res Intervention Care. 2017;20(2):232–246.
HoAPinneyS. Redefining ethical leadership in a 21st-century healthcare system. Healthc Manage Forum. 2016;29(1) 39–42.
8.
BauerGScheimA. Transgender People in Ontario, Canada: Statistics from the Trans PULSE Project to Inform Human Rights Policy; 2015.
9.
GibsonJL. Organizational ethics and the management of healthcare organizations. Healthc Manage Forum Spring. 2007:32–33.
10.
HermanJL. Gendered restrooms and minority stress: the public regulation of gender and its impact on transgender people’s lives. Spring, CO: J Public Manag Soc Policy. 2013:65–80.
11.
The King’s Fund podcast. In conversation with Lord Victor Adebowale: leadership, inequality, and diversity in the NHS. 2018.
12.
Creating Equal Access to Quality Healthcare for Transgender Patients: Transgender Affirming Health Policies. Human Rights Campaign, Lambda Legal, and the LGBTQ Rights Committee of the New York City Bar Association. 2016.
