Palliative Care Round: Cognitive Failure and Coma after Renal Failure in a Patient Receiving Captopril and Hydromorphone

Cancer Pain: A Monograph on the Management of Cancer Pain. Health & Welfare Canada: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa H42–2/5 1984E.

Massie M.J. , Holland J. , Glass E. Delirium in terminally ill patients. Am J Psychiat 1983; 140(8): 1048–1050.

Levine P.M. , Silberfarb P. , Lipowski Z.J. Mental disorders in cancer patients. Cancer 1978; 42: 1385–1391.

Bruera E. , Miller L. , McCallion J. , Macmillan K. Cognitive failure in patients with terminal cancer. A prospective study. J Pain Sympt Manag 1992; 7(4): 192–195.

Stiefel F. , Fainsinger R. , Bruera E. Acute confusional state in patients with advanced cancer. J Pain Sympt Manag 1992; 7(2): 94–98.

Smith W.R. , Neill J. , Cushman W.C. Captopril — Associated acute interstitial nephritis. Am J Nephrol 1989; 9(3): 230–235.

Ahmad T. , Coulthard M.G. , Eastham E.J. Renal failure due to use of captopril in a renal allograft recipient treated with cyclosporin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1989; 4(4): 311–312.

Islam S. , Dubigeon M.P. , Guenel J. Acute and reversible interstitial granulomatous nephropathy after treatment with captopril. Rev Med Interne 1990; 11(3): 231–233.

Hoitsma A.J. , Wetzels J.F. , Koene R.A. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity: aetiology, clinical features and management. Drug Saf 1991; 6(2): 131–147.

Atlas S.A. , Niarcitos A.P. , Case D.B. Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system: effects on blood pressure, aldosterone secretion and renal function. Am J Nephrol 1983; 3: 118–127.

Hricik D.E. , Browning P.J. , Kopelmann R. Captopril-induced functional renal insufficiency in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or renal artery stenosis in a solitary kidney. N Engl J Med 1983; 308: 373–376.

Toto R.D. , Mitchell H.C. , Lee H.C. Reversible renal insufficiency due to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Ann Int Med 1991; 115: 513–519.

Brown W.W. , David B.B. , Spry L.A. Aging and the kidney. Arch Int Med 1986; 146: 1790–1796.

Miller P.D. , Krebbs R.A. , Neal B.G. Hypodipsia in geriatric patients. Ann Int Med 1982; 73: 354–356.

Fainsinger R.L. , Bruera E. Hypodermoclysis (HDC) for symptom control versus the Edmonton Injector (EI). J Palliat Care 1991; 7(4): 5–8.

Glare P.A. , Walsh T.D. , Pippenger C.E. Normorphine, a neurotoxic metabolite? (Letter) Lancet 1990; 335(8691): 725–726.

Pasternak G.W. , Bodnar R.J. , Clark J.A. , Inturrisi C.E. Morphine-6-glucuronide, a potent mu agonist. Life Sci 1987; 41(26): 2845–2849.

Hagen N.A. , Foley K.M. , Cerbone D.J. Chronic nausea and morphine-6-glucuronide. J Pain Sympt Manag 1991; 6(3): 125–128.

Sear J.W. , Hand C.W. , Moore R.A. , McQuay H.J. Studies on morphine disposition: influence of renal failure on the kinetics of morphine and its metabolites. Br J Anesth 1989; 62: 28–32.

Peterson G.M. , Randall C.T. , Paterson J. Plasma levels of morphine and morphine-glucuronides in the treatment of cancer pain: relationship to renal function and route of administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1990; 38: 121–124.

Hanks G.W. , Hoskin P.J. , Ahurne G.W. , Turner P. Explanation for potency of repeated oral doses of morphine? Lancet 1976; 2(8561): 723–725.

Portenoy R.K. Pain management in the older cancer patient. Oncology 1992; 6(2): 86–98.

Wallenstein S.L. , Houde R.W. , Portenoy R. Clinical analgesic assay of repeated and single doses of heroin and hydromorphone. Pain 1991; 41(1): 5–13.

Moulin D.E. , Kreeft J.H. , Murray-Parsons N. , Bouquillon A.I. Comparison of continuous subcutaneous and intravenous hydromorphone infusions for management of cancer pain. Lancet 1991; 337(8739): 465–468.

Hill H.F. , Coda A. , Tanaka A. , Schaffer R. Multiple dose evaluation of intravenous hydromorphone pharmacokinetics in normal human subjects. Anesth & Analgesia 1991; 72(3): 330–336.

Stiefel F. , Morant R. Morphine intoxication during acute reversible renal insufficiency. J Palliat Care 1991; 7(4): 45–47.

Fainsinger R.L. , Miller M.J. , Bruera E. Morphine intoxication during acute reversible renal in sufficiency. J Palliat Care (Letter) 1992; 8(2): 52–53.

Oliver D. Terminal dehydration (Letter). Lancet 1984: 631.