KirkP, KirkI, KristjansonLJ. What do patients receiving palliative care for cancer and their families want to be told? A Canadian and Australian qualitative study. BMJ2004; 328: 1343.
2.
FlackerJM, KielyDK. Mortality-related factors and 1-year survival in nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc2003; 51: 213–221.
3.
HeadB, RitchieC, SmootTM. Prognostication in hospice care: Can the palliative performance scale help?J Palllat Med2005; 8 (3):492–502.
4.
SchonwetterRS, HanB, SmallBJ, MartinB, TopeK, HaleyWE. Predictors of six-month survival among patients with dementia: an evaluation of hospice Medicare guidelines. Am J Hosp Palliat Care2003; 20 (2):105–113.
5.
ChristakisNA, LamontEB. Extent and determinants of error in doctors’ prognosis in terminally ill patients: prospective cohort study. BMJ2000; 320 (7233):469–472.
6.
ViganòA, DorganM, BrueraE, Suarez-AlmazorME. The relative accuracy of the clinical estimation of the duration of life for patients with end-of-life cancer. Cancer1999; 86 (1):170–176.
7.
GlareP, VirikK, JonesM, HudsonM, EychmullerS, SimesJ, ChristakisN.A systematic review of physicians’ survival predictions in terminally ill cancer patients. BMJ2004; 327: 195–205.
8.
ChowE, HarthT, HrubyG, FinkelsteinJ, WuJ, DanjouxC.How accurate are physicians’ clinical predictions of survival and the available prognostic tools in estimating survival times in terminally ill cancer patients? A systematic review. Clin Oncol2001; 13 (3):209–218.
9.
ViganòA, DorganM, BuckinghamJ, BrueraE, Suarez-AlmazorME. Survival prediction in terminal cancer patients: a systematic review of the medical literature. Palliat Med2000; 14: 363–374.
10.
MaltoniM, AugustoC, BrunelliC, BroeckaertB, ChristakisN, EychmuellerS, . Prognostic factors in advanced cancer patients: evidence-based clinical recommendations—a study by the Steering Committee of the European Association for Palliative Care. J Clin Oncol2005; 23 (25):6240–6248.
11.
CoventryPA, GrandeGE, RichardsDA, ToddCJ. Prediction of appropriate timing of palliative care for older adults with non-malignant life-threatening disease: a systematic review. Age Ageing2005; 34: 218–227.
12.
GlareP, ChristakisN.Predicting survival in patients with advanced disease. In: DoyleD, HanksG, ChernyN, CaimanK (eds). Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. 3rd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005; pp. 29–42.
13.
WebsterJ, WatsonRT. Analyzing the Past to Prepare for the Future: Writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly2002; 26(2): xiii–xxiii.
14.
KhanKS, RietG, PopayJ, NixonJ, KleijnenJ.Phase 5–Study quality assessment. In: CRD Report Number 4. Undertaking Systematic Reviews of Research on Effectiveness: CRD's Guidance on for Those Carrying out or Commissioning Reviews, March 2001. 2nd edition. URL: http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/crd/report4.htm; last accessed Dec 3/2005.
15.
LaupacisA, WellsG, RichardsonWS, TugwellP.How to use an article about prognosis. JAMA1994; 272 (3):234–237.
16.
BennettM, RyallN.Using the modified Barthel index to estimate survival in cancer patients in hospice: observation study. BMJ2000; 231: 1381–1382.
17.
BozcukH, KoyuncuE, YildizM, SamurM, OzdoganM, ArtacM, . A simple and accurate prediction model to estimate the intrahospital mortality risk of hospitalized cancer patients. Int J Clin Pract2994; 58 (11):1014–1019.
18.
ChuangRB, HuWY, ChiuTY, ChenCY. Prediction of survival in terminal cancer patients in Taiwan: constructing a prognostic scale. J Pain Symptom Manage2004; 28 (2):115–122.
19.
EvansC, McCarthyM.Prognostic uncertainty in terminal care: Can the Karnofsky index help?Lancet1985; 1: 1204–1206.
20.
FoxE, Landrum-McNiffK, ZhongZS, WuW, LynnJ.Evaluation of prognostic criteria for determining hospice eligibility in patients with advanced lung, heart, or liver disease. JAMA1999; 282 (17):1638–1645.
21.
GlareP, EychmuellerS, VirikK.The use of the palliative prognostic score in patients with diagnoses other than cancer [Letter]. J Pain Symptom Manage2003; 26 (4):883–885.
22.
GlareP, VirikK.Independent prospective validation of the PaP score in terminally ill patients referred to a hospital-based palliative medicine consultation service. J Pain Symptom Manage2001; 22 (5):891–898.
23.
GlarePA, EychmuellerS, McMahonP.Diagnostic accuracy of the palliative prognostic score in hospitalized patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol2004; 22 (23):4823–4828.
24.
HanrahanP, RaymondM, McGowanE, LuchinsDJ. Criteria for enrolling dementia patients in hospice: a replication. Am J Hosp Palliat Care1999; 16 (1):395–400.
25.
HarroldJ, RickersonE, CarrollJT, McGrathJ, MoralesK, KapoJ, CasarettD.Is the palliative performance scale a useful predictor of mortality in a heterogeneous hospice population?J Palliat Med2005; 8 (3):503–509.
26.
LeeDS, AustinPC, RouleauJL, Liu PR NaimarkD, TuJV. Predicting mortality among patients hospitalized for heart failure: derivation and validation of a clinical model. JAMA2003; 290 (19):2581–2587.
27.
LuchinsDJ, HanrahanP, MurphyK.Criteria for enrolling dementia patients in hospice. J Am Geriatr Soc1997; 45 (9):1054–1059.
28.
MaltoniM, NanniO, DerniS, InnocentiMP, FabbriL, RivaN, . Clinical prediction of survival is more accurate than the Karnosfsky performance status in estimating life-span of terminally ill cancer patients. Eur J Cancer1994; 30A(6): 764–766.
29.
MaltoniM, NanniO, PirovanoM, ScarpiE, IndelliM, MartiniC, . Successful validation of the palliative prognostic score in terminally ill cancer patients. J Pain Symptom Manage1999; 17 (4):240–247.
30.
MitchellSL, KielyDK, HamelMB, ParkPS, MorrisJN, FriesBE. Estimating prognosis for nursing home residents with advanced dementia. JAMA2004; 291 (22):2734–2740.
31.
MoritaT, TsunodaJ, InoueS, ChiharaS.The palliative prognostic index: a scoring system for survival prediction of terminally ill cancer patients. Support Care Cancer1999; 7: 128–133.
32.
MoritaT, TsunodaJ, InoueS, ChiharaS.Survival prediction of terminally ill cancer patients by clinical symptoms: development of a simple indicator. Jpn J Clin Oncol1999; 29 (3):156–166.
33.
MoritaT, TsunodaJ, InoueS, ChiharaS.Validity of the palliative performance scale from a survival perspective. J Pain Symptom Manage1999; 18 (1):2–3.
34.
MoritaT, TsunodaJ, InoueS, ChiharaS.Improved accuracy of physicians’ survival prediction for terminally ill cancer patients using the palliative prognostic index. Palliat Med2001; 15: 419–424.
35.
OlajideO, HansonL, UsherB, SchwartzB, BernardS.Validation of the palliative performance scale for patients seen on the pain and symptom care consultative service at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Abstract presented at 15th International Congress on Care of the Terminally III, Montreal, Canada, Sept 19–23, 2004; p. 31. Accepted for publication in J Palliat Med, Feb 2007.
36.
SchonwetterRSRobinsonBE, RamirezG.Prognostic factors for survival in terminal lung cancer patients. J Gen Intern Med1994; 9: 356–371.
37.
SchonwetterRS, SoendkerS, PerronV.Review of Medicare's proposed eligibility criteria for select non-cancer patients. Am J Hosp Palliat Care1998; 15 (3):155–158.
38.
ThorogoodJ, BulmanAS, CollinsT, AshD.The use of discriminant analysis to guide palliative treatment for lung cancer patients. Clin Oncol1992; 4: 22–26.
39.
VirikK, GlareP.Validation of the palliative performance scale for inpatients admitted to a palliative care unit in Sydney Australia. J Pain Symptom Manage2002; 23 (6):455–457.
40.
VolicerBJ, HurleyA, FabiszewskiKJ, MontgomeryP, VolicerL.Predicting short-term survival for patients with advanced Alzheimer's disease. J Am Geriatr Soc1993; 41: 535–540.
41.
WalterLC, BrandRJ, CounsellSR, PalmerRM, LandefeldCS, FortinskyRH, CovinskyKE. Development and validation of a prognostic index for 1-year mortality in older adults after hospitalization. JAMA2001; 285 (23):2987–2994.
42.
LauF, DowningM, LesperanceM, ShawJ, KuziemskyC.Use of the palliative performance scale in end of life prognostication. J Palliat Med2006; 9 (5):1066–1075.
43.
WuAW, DamianoAM, LynnJ, AlzolaC, TenoJ, LandefeldCS, . Predicting future functional status for seriously ill hospitalized adults. The SUPPORT prognostic model. Ann Intern Med1995; 122: 342–350.
44.
KnausWA, HarrellFE, LynnJ, GoldmanL, PhillipsRS, ConnersAF, . The SUPPORT prognostic model. Objective estimates of survival for seriously ill hospitalized adults. Study to understand prognoses and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatments. Ann Intern Med1995; 122: 191–120.
45.
OkenMM, CreechRH, TormeyDC, HortonJ, DavisTE, McFaddenET, CarbonePP. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol1982; 5: 649–655.