Factors Influencing Outcomes for Family Caregivers of Persons Receiving Palliative Care: Toward an Integrated Model

Higginson I. , Wade A. , McCarthy M. Br Med J 1990; 301: 277–281.

Kristjanson L.J. , Ashcroft T. The family's cancer journey: a literature review. Cancer Nurs 1994; 17: 1–17.

Howell D. The impact of terminal illness on the spouse. J Palliat Care 1986; 2: 22–30.

Kissane D.W. , Bloch S. , Burns W.I. , McKenzie D. , Posterino M. Psychological morbidity in the families of care recipients with cancer. Psychooncology 1994; 3: 47–56.

Kobassa S.C.O. , Spinetta J.J. , Cohen J. , Crano W.D. , Hatchett S. , Kaplan B.H. Social environment and social support. Cancer 1991; 67(Feb suppl): 788–793.

Oberst M.T. , Thomas S.E. , Gass K.A. , Ward S.E. Caregiving demands and appraisal of stress among family caregivers. Cancer Nurs 1989; 12, 209–215.

Kissane D.W. , Bloch S. , Bums W.I. , Patrick J.D. , Wallace C.S. , McKenzie D.P. Perceptions of family functioning and cancer. Psychooncology 1994; 3: 259–269.

Biegel D. , Sales E. , Schulz R. Family Caregiving in Chronic Illness. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, 1991.

Schumacher K.L. , Dodd M.J. , Paul S.M. The stress process in family caregivers of persons receiving chemotherapy. Res Nurs Health 1993; 16: 395–404.

Kinsella G. , Cooper B. , Picton C. , Murtagh D. A review of the measurement of carer and family burden in palliative care. J Pall Care 1998; 14(2): 37–45.

Aneshensel C.S. , Pearlin L.I. , Mullan J.T. , Zarit S.H. , Whitlach C.J. Profiles in Caregiving: the unexpected carer. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995.

Pearlin L.I. The sociological study of stress. J Health Soc Behav 1989; 30: 241–256.

Pearlin LI ., Lieberman M.A. , Menaghan E.G. , Mullan J.T. The stress process. J Health Soc Behav 1981; 22: 337–356.

Pearlin L.I. , Mullan J.T. , Semple S.J. , Skaff M.M. Caregiving and the stress process: an overview of concepts and their measures. Gerontologist 1990; 30: 583–594.

Zarit S.H. , Edwards A.B. Family caregiving: Research and clinical intervention. In: Woods R.T. (ed.) Handbook of the Clinical Psychology of Ageing. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1996; pp. 333–368.

Clipp E.C. , George L.K. Dementia and cancer: a comparison of spouse caregivers. Gerontologist 1993; 33: 534–541.

Lichtman R.R. , Taylor S.E. , Wood J.V. Social support and marital adjustment after breast cancer. J Psychosoc Oncol 1988; 5: 47–74.

Sabo D. , Brown J. , Smith C. The male role and mastectomy: support groups and men's adjustment. J Psychosoc Oncol 1986; 4: 19–31.

Stetz K.M. Caregiving demands during advanced cancer: The spouse's needs. Cancer Nurs 1987; 10: 260–268.

Rosenthal C.J. , Sulman J. , Marshall V.W. Depressive symptoms in family caregivers of long-stay care recipients. Gerontologist 1993; 33: 249–257.

Axelsson B. , Sjoden P. Quality of life of cancer care recipients and their spouses in palliative home care. Palliat Med 1998; 12: 29–39.

Kristjanson L.J. , Leis A. , Koop P.M. , Carriere K.C. , Mueller B. Family members care expectations, care perceptions, and satisfaction with advanced cancer care: results of a multi-site pilot study. J Palliat Care 1997; 13: 5–13.

Fakhoury W.K.H. , McCarthy M. , Addington-Hall J. Carers health status: is it associated with their evaluation of the quality of palliative care? Scand J Soc Med 1997; 25: 296–301.

Kristjanson L.J. , Sloan J.A. , Dudgeon D. , Adaskin E. Family members perceptions of palliative cancer care: Predictors of family functioning and family members health. J Palliat Care 1996; 12: 10–20.

Noelker L.S. , Bass D.M. Home care for elderly persons: Linkages between formal and informal caregivers. J Gerontology 1989; 44: S63–S70.

Kristjanson L.J. Validity and reliability testing of the FAMCARE scale: measuring family satisfaction with advanced cancer care. Soc Sci Med 1993; 36: 693–701.

George L. , Gwyther L.P. Caregiver well-being: A multi-dimensional examination of family caregivers of demented adults. Gerontologist 1986; 26: 253–259.

Clipp E.C. , George L.K. Caregiver needs and patterns of social support. J Gerontology B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1990; 45: S102–S111.

Zarit S.H. , Todd P. , Zarit J.M. Subjective burden of husbands and wives as caregivers: a longitudinal study. Gerontologist 1986; 26: 260–266.

Aranda M.P. , Knight B.G. The influence of ethnicity and culture on the caregiver stress and coping process: A sociocultural review and analysis. Gerontologist 1997; 37: 342–354.

Connell C.M. , Gibson G.D. Racial, ethnic, and cultural differences in dementia caregiving: Review and analysis. Gerontologist 1997; 37: 355–364.

Parkes C. , Laungani P. , Young B. (eds.) Death and Bereavement Across Cultures. London: Routledge, 1997.

Lazarus R.S. , Folkman S. Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer, 1984.

Carey P.J. , Oberst M.T. , McCubbin M.A. , Hughes S.H. Appraisal and caregiving burden in family members caring for care recipients receiving chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 1991; 18, 1341–1348.

Holing E.V. The primary caregivers perception of the dying trajectory. Cancer Nurs 1986; 9: 29–37.

Matocchio B.C. Living while dying. Bowie, Maryland: Robert J. Brady, 1982.

Lewis F.M. The impact of cancer on the family: a critical analysis of the research literature. Care Recipient Educ Counsel 1986; 8: 269–289.

Gibeau J.L. , Anastas J.W. Breadwinners and caregivers: interviews with working women. J Gerontol Soc Work, 1989; 14: 19–40.

Marks S.R. Multiple roles and role strain: some notes on human energy, time and commitment. Am Sociol Rev 1977; 42: 921–936.

Skaff M.M. , Pearlin L.I. Caregiving: role engulfment and the loss of self. Gerontologist 1992; 32: 656–664.

Barnett R.C. , Barusch G.K. Social roles, gender, and psychological distress. In Barnett RC, Biener L, Baruch GK (eds.) Gender and Stress. New York: Free Press, 1987; pp. 122–143.

Neal M.B. , Chapman N.J. , Ingersoll-Dayton B. , Emlen A.C. , Boise L. Absenteeism and stress among employed caregivers of the elderly, disabled adults, and children. In: Biegel D.E. , Blum A. (eds.) Aging and Caregiving: theory, research, and policy. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, 1990; pp. 160–183.

Baron R.M. , Kenny D.A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 1986; 51: 1173–1182.

Henderson S. , Byrne D.G. , Duncan-Jones P. Neurosis and the Social Environment. Sydney: Academic Press, 1981.

Broadhead W.E. , Kaplan B.H. Social support and the cancer care recipient: implications for future research and clinical care. Cancer 1990; 67(Feb suppl): 794–799.

Broadhead W.E. , Gehlbach S.H. , De Gruy F.V. , Kaplan B.H. The Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire — measurement of social support in family medicine care recipients. Med Care, 1988; 26: 709–723.

Ell K. , Nishimoto R. , Mantell J. , Hamovitch M. Longitudinal analysis of psychological adaptation among family members of care recipients with cancer. J Psychosom Res 1988; 32: 429–438.

Vachon M.L. , Freedman K. , Fonno A. , Rogers J. , Lyall W. , Freeman S. The final illness in cancer: the widow's perspective. CMAJ 1977; 117: 1151–1153.

Cooper E.T. A pilot study on the effects of the diagnosis of lung cancer on family relationships. Cancer Nurs 1984; 7: 301–308.

Vess J.D. , Moreland J.R. , Schwebel A.I. An empirical assessment of the effects of cancer on family role functioning. J Psychosoc Oncol 1985a; 3: 1–16.

Vess J.D. , Moreland J.R. , Schwebel A.I. A follow-up study of role functioning and the psychosocial environment of families of cancer care recipients. J Psychosoc Oncol 1985b; 3: 1–14.

Chekryn J. Cancer recurrence: personal meaning, communication, and marital adjustment. Cancer Nurs 1984; 7: 491–498.

Pearlin L.I. , Schooler C. The structure of coping. J Health Soc Behav, 1978; 19: 2–21.

Haley W.E. , Levine E.G. , Brown S.L. , Bartolucci A.A. Stress, appraisal, coping, and social support as predictors of adaptational outcomes among dementia caregivers. Psychol Aging, 1987; 2: 323–330.

Vitaliano P.P. , Russo J. , Carr J.E. , Maiuro R.D. , Becker J. The ways of Coping Checklist: revision and psychometric properties. Multivariate Behav Res 1985; 20: 3–26.

Vitaliano P.P. , Young H.M. , Russo J. Burden: a review of measures used among caregivers of individuals with dementia. Gerontologist 1991; 31: 67–75.

Lloyd C. , Coggles L. Psychosocial issues for people with cancer and their families. Can J Occup Therapy 1990; 57: 211–215.

Siegel K. , Ravenis V.H. , Bettes B. , Mesagno F.P. , Christ G. , Weinstein L. Perceptions of parental competence while facing the death of a spouse. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1990; 60: 567–576.

Franklin S.T. , Ames B.D. , King S. Acquiring the family elder care role: influence on female employment adaptation. Res Aging 1994; 16: 27–42.

Szmukler G.I. , Burgess P. , Herman H. , Benson A. , Colusa S. , Bloch S. Caring for relatives with serious mental illness: the development of the Experience of Caregiving Inventory. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiol 1996; 31: 137–148.

Townsend A. , Noelker L. , Deimling G. , Bass D. Longitudinal impact of inter-household caregiving on adult children's mental health. Psychol Aging 1989; 4: 393–401.