Ce papier présente la problématique liée aux études sur des thèmes controversés tels que le comportement sexuel, l'avortement ou la consommation de drogues. A partir d'une étude empirique à grande échelle (4 384 enquêtes) sur la consommation de drogues, il montre les principales difficultés de l'analyse dans ce domaine. Il présente aussi diverses techniques permettant de prouver la validité de ce type de recherches et améliorant la compréhension des résultats obtenus.
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