Afin de mieux comprendre l'efficacité des campagnes de prévention de l'obésité ciblant les adolescents, une expérimentation contrôlée a permis de tester l'impact de différents messages préventifs sur le comportement alimentaire immédiat (choix d'un goûter) et les intentions de surveillance alimentaire de 797 jeunes en milieu scolaire défavorisé. Les résultats montrent qu'un argument « social » conduit à des choix alimentaires plus sains qu'un argument « santé ». L'orientation régulatrice du message (prévention versus promotion) influence l'efficacité du type d'argument utilisé (social versus santé) uniquement en ce qui concerne les intentions de manger sainement: l'argument santé est plus efficace quand il souligne les risques d'une mauvaise alimentation que lorsqu'il souligne les bénéfices d'une alimentation équilibrée. Ces résultats interrogent certains choix actuels de prévention.
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