The author reviews the present basic science of the angiosome theory and flap delay as it relates to scalp surgery. This current knowledge is applied to several present-day flap procedures—namely the Juri, Nordstrom, Stough, and Brandy scalp flaps.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
UptonJ: Discussion. Surgical anatomy and blood supply of the fascial layers of the temporal region. Plast Reconstr Surg77:25–28, 1986.
2.
MatloubHSYousifNJYeZ: The occipital artery flap for transfer of hair-bearing tissue. Ann Plast Surs29:491–495, 1992.
3.
TolhurstDECarstensMHGrecoRJ: The surgical anatomy of the scalp. Plast Reconstr Surg87:603–612, 1991.
4.
MartyFMontandonDGumenerR: Subcutaneous tissue in the scalp: Anatomical, physiological, and clinical study. Ann Plast Surg16:368–376, 1986.
5.
SchneiderMSWyattDBKonvolinkaCW: Comparison of rapid versus slow tissue expansion on skin-flap viability. Plast Reconstr Surg92:1126–1132, 1993.
6.
ClarkERClarkEL: Observations on living arterovenous anastomoses as seen in transparent chambers introduced into the rabbit's ear. Am J Anat54:229, 1934.
7.
ReinischJF: The pathophysiology of skin flap circulation: The delay phenomenon. Plast Reconstr Surg54:585, 1974.
8.
TaylorGIPalmerJH: The vascular territories (angiosomes) of the body: Experimental study and clinical applications. Br J Plast Sury40:113–141, 1987.
9.
TaylorGICaddyCMWattersonPA: The venous territories (venosomes) of the human body: Experimental study and clinical implications. Plast Reconstr Surg86:185–213, 1990.
10.
TaylorGIMinabeT: The angiosomes of the mammals and other vertebrates. Plast Reconstr Surg89:181–215, 1992.
11.
CallegariPRTaylorGICaddyCM: An anatomic review of the delay phenomenon: I. Experimental studies. Plast Reconstr Surg89:397–407, 1992.
12.
TaylorGICorlettRJCaddyCM: An anatomic review of the delay phenomenon: II. Clinical applications. Plast Reconstr Surg89:408–416, 1992.
13.
MorrisSFTaylorGI: Predicting the survival of experimental skin flaps with a knowledge of the vascular architecture. Plast Reconstr Surg92:1352–1361, 1993.
14.
AlpertBSLineaweaverWCBunckeHJ: Surgical treatment of the avulsed scalp. In: UngerWPNordstromREA, eds. Hair Transplantation. New York, Dekker, 1988, pp.723–733.
15.
JuriJ: Use of parieto-occipital flaps in the surgical treatment of baldness. Plast Reconstr Surg55:456–460, 1975.
16.
MayerTGFlemingRW: Aesthetic and reconstructive surgery of the scalp. St. Louis, Mosby, 1992, pp. 98–181.
17.
Rizzetto-StubelAEllenbogenR: Male baldness: Immediate single-stage rotation of very long arterialized temporo-parieto-occipital flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg77:215–220, 1986.
18.
StoughDBCatesJA: Transposition flaps for the correction of baldness: A practical office procedure. J Dermatol Surg Oncol6:286–289, 1980.
19.
StoughDBCatesJADeanAJ: Updating reduction and flap procedures for baldness. Ann Plast Surg8:287–295, 1982.
NordstromREA: The Nordstrom variety of a temporoparieto-occipital flap. In: UngerWPNordstromREA, eds. Hair Transplantation. New York, Dekker, 1988, pp.645–655.
22.
BrandyDA: The bilateral occipitoparietal flap. J Dermatol Surg Oncol10:1062–1066, 1986.