Squaring Up the E-box

Aksan I and Goding CR (1998) Targeting the microphthalmia basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor to a subset of E-box elements in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 18:6930-6938.

Bae K , Lee C , Sidote D , Chuang KY , and Edery I (1998) Circadian regulation of a Drosophila homolog of the mammalian Clock gene: PER and TIM function as positive regulators. Mol Cell Biol 18:6142-6151.

Baler R , Covington S , and Klein DC (1999) Rat arylalkylamine N-actyltransferase gene: Upstream and intronic components of a bipartite promoter. Biol Cell 91:699-705.

Belvin MP , Zhou H , and Yin JC (1999) The Drosophila dCREB2 gene affects the circadian clock. Neuron 22:777-787.

Blau J and Young MW (1999) Cycling vrille expression is required for a functional Drosophila clock. Cell 99:661-671.

Burke Z , Wells T , Carter D , Klein D , and Baler R (1999) Genetic targeting: The serotonin N-acetyltransferase promoter imparts circadian expression selectively in the pineal gland and retina of transgenic rats. J Neurochem 73:1343-1349.

Chen W and Baler R (in press) The rat arylalkylamine N-actyltransferase E-box: Differential use in a master vs. slave oscillator. Mol Brain Res.

Cheng Y and Hardin PE (1998) Drosophila photoreceptors contain an autonomous circadian oscillator that can function without period mRNAcycling. J Neurosci 18:741-750.

Chong NW , Bernard M , and Klein DC (in press) Characterization of the chicken serotonin N-acetyl transferase gene activation via clock gene heterodimer/E-box interaction. J Biol Chem.

Costa R and Kyriacou CP (1998) Functional and evolutionary implications of natural variation in clock genes. Curr Opin Neurobiol 8:659-664.

Darlington TK , Lyons LC , Hardin PE , and Kay SA (2000) The period E-box is sufficient to drive circadian oscillation of transcription in vivo. J Biol Rhythms 15:462-471.

Darlington TK , Wager-Smith K , Ceriani MF , Stankis D , Gekakis N , Steeves T , Weitz CJ , Takahashi J , and Kay SA (1998) Closing the circadian loop: CLOCK induced transcription of its own inhibitors, per and tim. Science 280:1599-1603.

Dover GA (1987) DNA turnover and the molecular clock. J Mol Evol 26:47-58.

Dunlap JC (1999) Molecular bases for circadian clocks. Cell 96:271-290.

Frisch B , Hardin PE , Hamblen-Coyle M , Rosbash M , and Hall JC (1994) A promotorless period gene mediates behavioral rhythmicity and cyclical per gene expression in a restricted subset of the Drosophila nervous system. Neuron 12:555-570.

Gekakis N , Staknis D , Nguyen HB , Davis FC , Wilsbacher LD , King DP , Takahashi JS , and Weitz CJ (1998) Role of the CLOCK protein in the mammalian circadian mechanism. Science 280:1564-1569.

Glossop NRJ , Lyons LC , and Hardin PE (1999) Interlocked feedback loops within the Drosophila circadian oscillator. Science 286:766-768.

Hao H , Allen DL , and Hardin PE (1997) A circadian enhancer mediates PER-dependent mRNA cycling in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cell Biol 17:3687-3693.

Hao H , Glossop NR , Lyons L , Qiu J , Morrish B , Cheng Y , Helfrich-Forster C , and Hardin P (1999) The 69 bp circadian regulatory sequence (CRS) mediates per-like developmental, spatial, and circadian expression and behavioral rescue in Drosophila. J Neurosci 19:987-994.

Hardin P , Hall JC , and Rosbash M (1992) Circadian oscillations in period gene mRNA levels are transcriptionally regulated. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:11711-11715.

Hida A , Koike N , Hirose M , Hattori M , Sakaki Y , and Tei H (2000) The human and mouse Period1 genes: Five well-conserved E-boxes additively contribute to the enhancement of mPer1 transcription. Genomics 65:224-233.

Honma S , Ikeda M , Abe H , Tanahashi Y , Namihira M , Honma K , and Nomura M (1998) Circadian oscillation of BMA1, a partner of a mammalian clock gene Clock,inrat suprachiasmatic nucleus. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 250:83-87.

Iwasaki Y , Oiso Y , Saito H , and Majzoub JA (1997) Positive and negative regulation of the rat vasopressin gene promoter. Endocrinology 138:5266-5274.

Jennings BH , Tyler DM , and Bray SJ (1999) Target specificities of Drosophila enhancer of split basic helix-loop-helix proteins. Mol Cell Biol 19:4600-4610.

Jin X , Shearman LP , Weaver DR , Zylka MJ , de Vries GJ , and Reppert SM (1999) A molecular mechanism regulating rhythmic output from the suprachiasmatic circadian clock. Cell 96:57-68.

Lee C , Bae K , and Edery I (1999) PER and TIM inhibit the DNA binding activity of a DrosophilaCLOCK-CYC/dBMAL1 heterodimer without disrupting formation of the heterodimer: A basis for circadian transcription. Mol Cell Biol 19:5316-5325.

Lyons LC , Darlington TK , Hao H , Houl J , Kay SA , and Hardin PE (2000) Specific sequences outside the E-box are required for proper per expression and behavioral rescue. J Biol Rhythms 15:472-482.

Majercak J , Sidote D , Hardin PE , and Edery I (1999) How a circadian clock adapts to seasonal decreases in temperature and day length. Neuron 24:219-230.

Margolis JS , Borowsky ML , Steingrimsson E , Shim GW , Lengyel JA , and Posakony JW (1995) Posterior stripe expression of hunchback is driven from two promoters by a common enhancer element. Development 121:3067-3077.

Obrietan K , Impey S , Smith D , Athos J , and Storm DR (1999) Circadian regulation of cAMP response element-mediated gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. J Biol Chem 274:17748-17756.

Ouyang Y , Andersson CR , Kondo T , Golden SS , and Johnson CH (1998) Resonating circadian clocks enhance fitness in cyanobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:8860-8864.

Park JH , Helfrich-Forster C , Lee G , Liu L , Rosbash M , and Hall JC (2000) Differential regulation of circadian pacemaker output by separate clock genes in Drosophila.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:3608-3613.

Renn SCP , Park JH , Rosbash M , Hall JC , and Taghert PH (1999) Apdf neuropeptide gene mutation and ablation of PDF neurons each cause severe abnormalities of behavioral circadian rhythms in Drosophila. Cell 99:791-802.

Ripperger JA , Shearman LP , Reppert SM , and Schibler U (2000) CLOCK, an essential pacemaker component, controls expression of the circadian transcription factor DBP. Genes Dev 14:679-689.

Robertson LM , Kerpolla TK , Vendrell M , Luk D , Smeyne RJ , Bocchiaro C , Morgan JI , and Curran T (1995) Regulation of c-fos expression in transgenic mice requires multiple interdependent transcriptional control elements. Neuron 14:241-252.

Rosato E , Peixoto AA , Costa R , and Kyriacou CP (1997) Mutation rate, linkage disequilibrium, and selection in the repetitive region of the period gene in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Res 69:89-99.

Sawyer LA , Hennessy JM , Peixoto AA , Rosato E , Parkinson H , Costa R , and Kyriacou CP (1997) Natural variation in a Drosophila clock gene and temperature compensation. Science 278:2117-2120.

Scully AL and Kay SA (2000) Time flies for Drosophila. Cell 100:297-300.

Shearman LP , Sriram S , Weaver DR , Maywood ES , Chaves I , Zheng BH , Kume K , Lee CC , van der Horst GTJ , Hastings MH , and Reppert SM (2000) Interacting molecular loops in the mammalian circadian clock. Science 288:1013-1019.

Shimizu T , Toumoto A , Ihara K , Shimizu M , Kyogoku Y , Ogawa N , Oshima Y , and Hakoshima T (1997) Crystal structure of PHO4 bHLH domain-DNA complex: Flanking base recognition. EMBO J 16:4689-4697.

Stanewsky R , Jamison CF , Plautz JD , Kay SA , and Hall JC (1997) Multiple circadian elements contribute to cycling period gene expression in Drosophila. EMBO J 16:5006-5018.

Tosini G and Menaker MC (1996) Circadian rhythms in cultured mammalian retina. Science 272:419-421.

Vosshall LB and Young MW (1995) Circadian rhythms in Drosophila can be driven by period expression in a restricted group of central brain cells. Neuron 15:345-360.

Yamaguchi S , Mitsui S , Miyake S , Yan L , Onishi H , Yagita K , Suzuki M , Shibata S , Kobayashi M , and Okamura H (2000) The 5[.minute] upstream region of mPer1 gene contains two promoters and is responsible for circadian oscillation. Curr Biol 10:873-876.