Several Army installations targeted for restoration have measurable quantities of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in the soil and groundwater. As part of the process of developing environmental and health effects criteria for restoration, a modified Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) reproductive study was performed. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received a diet containing approximately 30, 150, or 300 mg TNB/kg diet. Mating occurred following 14 days of treatment. All dams, one-half the males, and representative pups were maintained for a total of 90 days of treatment. No mortality occurred during the study; however, a decrease in mean body weights was noted in both sexes of high-dose rats. A dose-related effect was noted in measurements of sperm function/activity. Sperm depletion and degeneration of the seminiferous tubules were noted histopathologically. Methemoglobinemia and splenic hemosiderosis were common findings in the high- and mid-dose levels of both sexes at necropsy. No adverse effects were noted in mating or fertility indices. No significant treatment-related differences were found in length of gestation, sex ratio, gestation index, or mean number of pups per litter.
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Kinkead, E.R., Bunger, S.K., Kimmel, E.C., Flemming, C.D., Wall, H.G., and Grabau, J.H. (1991). "Effects of a 13-week chloropentafluorobenzene inhalation exposure of Fischer 344 Rats and B6C3F1 mice." Toxicol. Ind. Health7(4):309-318.
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Kinkead, E.R., Wolfe, R.E., Salins, S.A., Flemming, C.D., Caldwell, D.J., Miller, C.R., and Latendresse, J.R. (1994a). "Range-finding study for a reproductive assessment of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene administered in the diet of Sprague-Dawley rats." AL-TR-1994-072/WRAIR-TR-1994-0006. Armstrong Laboratory and Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.
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Kinkead, E.R., Wolfe, R.E., Salins, S.A., Miller, C.R., and Latendresse, J.R. (1994b). "Single generation reproductive study of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene administered in the diet of Sprague-Dawley rats" Toxicologist14:574.
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Levine, B.S., Rust, J.H., Burns, J.M., and Lish, P.M. (1983). "Determination of the chronic mammalian toxicological effects of TNT [26-week subchronic oral toxicity study of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in the beagle dog]." Phase II, Final Report, IIT Research Institute, Report No. L6116, Study No. 5, Chicago, IL. DAMD 17-79-C-9120, AD-A 157 082.
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Levine, B.S., Furedi, E.M., Gordon, D.E., Lish, P.M., and Barkely, J.J. (1984). "Subchronic toxicity of trinitrotoluene in Fischer 344 rats." Toxicology32:253-265.
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Linder, R.E., Hess, R.A., and Strader, L.F. (1986). "Testicular toxicity and infertility in male rats treated with 1,3-dinitrobenzene." J. Toxicol. Environ. Health19:477-489.
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Linder, R.E., Strader, L.F., Barbee, R.R., Rehnberg, G.L., and Perreault, S.D. (1990). "Reproductive toxicity of a single dose of 1,3-dinitrobenzene in two ages of young adult male rats." Fundam. Appl. Toxicol . 14:284-298.
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