The aim of this study was to describe the effects of aluminum on the stromal cells of rat bone marrow using a combination of in vivo exposure and in vitro culture of bone marrow. The toxic effects of aluminum are manifested by a decrease in the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin level in the peripheral blood. Aluminum stimulated an increase in the number offibroblasts while the macrophage count dropped. The number of adipocytes remained unaffected. An increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was also found in the peripheral blood of experimental animals.
Abderson, W. (1978). "Aluminum and aluminum alloys." In: Encyclopedia of chemical technology (M. Grayson and D. Eckroth, ed.). Wiley, New York, NY.
2.
Alfrey, A.C., Legendre, G.R., and Kaehny, W.D. (1976). "The dialysis encephalopathy syndrome: Possible aluminum intoxication." N. Engl. J. Med. 294: 185-188.
3.
Bauldry, S.A., Wilson, F.D., Stomber, P.C., and Ackerman, G.A. (1985). "Stimulation of normal rat bone marrow fibroblasts proliferation by sera from leukemic Fischer rats." Exp. Hematol . 13: 750-759.
4.
Broxmayer, H.E. and Platzer, E. (1984). "Lactoferrin acts on I-A and I-E/C antigen subpopulations of mouse peritoneal macrophages in the absence of T lymphocytes and other cell types to inhibit production of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factors in vitro." J. Immunol. 133: 1-9.
5.
Dexter, T.M., Spooner, E., Hendry, J., and Lajtha, L.G. (1978). "Stem cells in vitro." In: Hematopoietic cell differentiation (D.W. Golde, M.J. Cline, C.F. Fox, eds.). Academic Press. New York, NY. pp. 163-173.
6.
Dexter, T.M., Spooner, E., Varga, J.Allen, T.D., and Lanotte, M. (1983). "Stromal cells and diffusible factors in the regulation of hemopoietic cell development." In: Hemopoietic stem cells (S.V. Killmann, E.P. Cronkite, and C.M. Muller-Berat , eds.). Copenhagen, Denmark . pp. 303-318.
7.
Faulkner, W.R. and King, J.W. (1970). Manual of clinical laboratory procedures. Chem. Rub. Co., Cleveland, OH.
8.
Flendring, J.A., Uis, H., and Das, H.A. (1976). "Aluminum and dialysis dementia." Lanceti: 1235.
9.
Gio, R., Bianchi, G., Lowenberg, B., Dickie. K.A., and Ajmar, F. (1977). "Effects of fibroblasts on the growth of erythroid progenitor cells in vitro." Exp. Hematol. 5: 341-347.
10.
Harper, T.A. (1974). The peripheral blood film. Butterworth, London, U.K. p. 248.
11.
Jones, T.R., Antonetti, D.L., and Reid, T.W. (1986). "Aluminum ions stimulate mitosis in murine cells in tissue culture." J. Cellular Biochem. 30: 31-39.
12.
Murphy, M.J. and Urabe, A. (1978). "Modulatory effects of macrophages on erythropoiesis ." In: In vitro aspects of erythropoiesis (M.J. Murphy, ed.). Springer Verlag , New York, NY.
13.
Polemacher, R.E., Vansoest, P.L., Wagermaker, G.E., and Vant, H.T. (1977). "Particle induced erythropoietin independent effects on erythroid precursors cells in murine bone marrow." Cell Tissue Kinet. 12: 539-550.
14.
Rich, J.N., Heit, W., and Kubanek, B. (1982). "External erythropoietic production by macrophages ." Blood60: 1007-1017.
15.
Rich, J.N. and Kubanek, B. (1985). "The central role of the macrophage in hemopoietic microenvironmental regulation." In: Hematopoietic stem cell physiology (E.P. Cronkite, N. Dainiak, and R.P. McCaffrey, eds.). Alan R. Liss, New York, NY. pp. 283-298.
16.
Sternweiss, P.C. and Gilman, A.G. (1982). "Aluminum. A requirement for activation of the regulatory component of adenylate cyclase by fluoride." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 79: 4888-4891.
Tavassoli, M. and Friedenstein, A. (1983). "Hemopoietic stromal microenvironment ." Amer. J. Hematol. 15: 195-203.
19.
Wills, M.R. and Savory, J. (1983). "Aluminum poisoning. Dialysis encephalopathy, osteomalacia and anemia." Lancetii: 29-34.
20.
Zaman, K., Dabrowski, Z., and Miszta, H. (1989). "The toxic effects of aluminum on the activity of ALA-D, on the iron level in bone marrow in rats." J. Interdise. Cycle Res. (Holland)20: 245-246.
21.
Zaman, K., Dabrowski, Z., and Miszta, H. (1990a). "Effects of aluminum on erythroidal cells in bone marrow in rats." Folia Histochem. Cytochem. 28: 60-69.
22.
Zaman, K., Dabrowski, Z., Miszta, H., and Smolenski, O. (1990b). "The effect of aluminum on the heme biosynthesis in vitro in bone marrow cells in rats." Folia Haematol. (Germany)117: 307-311.
23.
Zaman, K., Miszta, H., and Dabrowski, Z. (1990c). "The effect of aluminum upon the activity of selected bone marrow enzyme in rats." Folia Haematol. (Germany)117: 447-451.
24.
Zipori, D. and Bol, S. (1979). "The role of fibroblastoid cells and macrophages from mouse bone marrow in the in vitro growth promotion of hemopoietic tumor cells." Exp. Hematol. 7: 206-218.