Objective: To study the effects of BSO, GSH, Vit-C and DMPS on the nephrotoxicity of mercury. Methods: The rats in groups 1, 2 and 3 were sc injected with 0.75, 1.5 and 2.5mg/kg HgCl2, respectively. Fourth group rats were ip injected with 0.5mmol/kg BSO and 4h later sc administrated with 0.75mg/kg HgCl2. The rats in groups 5, 6 and 7 were ip injected with 3 mmol/kg GSH, 4mmol/kg Vit-C, 200 μmol/kg DMPS, respectively, and 2h later sc administrated with 2.5mg/kg HgCl2. Eighth group rats were sc injected with saline as a control. Mercury concentrations in the liver, renal cortex and urine, urinary NAG, ALP, LDH activities, protein and BUN contents were determined. Results: Urinary NAG, ALP activities, protein and BUN contents in the rats of BSO pretreatment group were significantly higher than that of 0.75 mg/kg HgCl2 alone group and control group. As compared with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2 alone group, urinary NAG, ALP, LDH activities, urinary protein and BUN contents decreased significantly. Conclusion: BSO pretreatment could enhance the renal toxicity of mercury and GSH, Vit-C and DMPS pretreatment had antagonistic effects on nephrotoxicity of mercury. Toxicology and Industrial 2007; 23: 403—410.
Adair, B.M. and Cobb, G.P.1999: Improved preparation of small biological samples for mercury analysis using cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. Chemosphere38, 2951—58.
2.
Aposhian, H.V., Morgan, D.L., Queen, H.L. et al. 2003: Vitamin C, glutathione, or lipoic acid did not decrease brain or kidney mercury in rats exposed to mercury vapor. Toxicol Clin Toxicol41, 339—47.
3.
Baggett, J.M. and Berndt, W.O.1986: The effect of depletion of non-protein sulhydryls by diethyl meleate plus buthionine sulfoximine on the renal uptake of mercury in the rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol83, 556—62.
4.
Bazzi, C., Petrini, C., Rizza, V. et al. 2002: Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase excretion is a marker of tubular cell dysfunction and a predictor of outcome in primary glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant17, 1890—96.
5.
Bradford, M.M.1976: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye-binding . Analytical Biochemistry72, 248—54.
6.
Ceaurriz, J. and Payan, J.P.1994: Role of extracellular glutathione and g-glutamyltranspeptidase in the disposition and kidney toxicity of inorganic mercury in rats. Appl Toxicol14, 201—206.
7.
Heinegard, D. and Tiderstrom, G.1973: Determination of serum creatinine by a direct colorimetric method. Clinica Chimica Acta43, 305—10.
8.
Henneman, P.L., Bar'Or, D. and Marx, J.A.1988: Urinary lactic dehydrogenase as a marker of renal injury in blunt trauma patients with hematuria. Ann Emerg Med17, 797—800.
9.
Hussain, S.1999: Accumulation of mercury and its effect on antioxidant enzymes in brain, liver, and kidneys of mice. J Environ Sci Health B34, 645—60.
10.
Johnston, I.D., Jones, N.F., Scoble, J.E. et al. 1983: The diagnostic value of urinary enzyme measurements in hypertension. Clin Chim Acta133, 317—25.
11.
Kim, C.Y., Watanabe, C., Satoh, H. et al. 1995: Effects of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) on mercury distribution after Hg (o) exposure. Toxicology98, 67—72.
12.
Kyle, G.M., Luthra, R., Bruckner, J.V. et al. 1983: Assessment of functional, morphological, and enzymatic tests for acute nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride . J Toxicol Environ Health12, 99—117.
13.
Noroozi, M., Angerson, W.J., Lean, M.E. et al. 1998: Effects of flavonoids and vitamin C on oxidative DNA damage to human lymphocytes. Clin Nutr67, 1210—18.
14.
Pingree, S.D. and Simmonds, P.L.2001: Effects of 2, 3-dimercapto-1- propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) on tissue and urine mercury levels following prolonged methylmercury exposure in rats. Toxicol Sci61, 224—33.
Rankin, G.O., Beers, K.W., Teets, V.J. et al. 1997: Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) succinimide nephrotoxicity: temporal aspects of BSO administration and BSO effects on renal transport systems. Toxicology117, 207—17.
17.
Rao, M.V., Chinoy, N.J., Suthar, M.B. et al. 2001: Role of ascorbic acid on mercuric chloride-induced genotoxicity in human blood cultures. Toxicol In Vitro15, 649—54.
18.
Stacchiotti, A., Borsani, E., Rodella, L. et al. 2003: Dose-dependent mercuric chloride tubular injury in rat kidney. Ultrastruct Pathol27, 253—59.
19.
Watanabe, T., Sagisaka, H., Arakawa, S. et al. 2003: A novel model of continuous depletion of glutathione in mice treated with L-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine. J Toxicol Sci28, 455—69.
20.
Zalups, R.K.2001: Molecular interactions with mercury in the kidney . Pharmacol Rev52, 126—31.
21.
Zalups, R.K. and Barfuss, D.W.1996: Nephrotoxicity of inorganic mercury co-administrated with L-cysteine. Toxicology109, 15—29.
22.
Zalups, R.K. and Lash, L.H.1997: Depletion of glutathione in the kidney and the renal disposition of administered inorganic mercury. Drug Metab Dispos25, 516—23.
