Ancient Marketing Practices: The View from Talmudic Times

Abstract

The Talmud, completed approximately 1,500 years ago, is the compilation of Jewish oral law. In it, we find reflected many of the marketing practices of ancient Babylonia and Israel. This paper demonstrates that many of our current business laws and practices had their counterparts in ancient times and that, in some areas, Talmudic standards were stricter than ours are today.