This paper reviews some of the early landmarks of special education in Russia and follows the historical highlights of special education as it has developed in the Soviet Union. Trends in special education theory, research, and practice are identified. The contributions of Vygotskii, Makarenko, and Luriia have influenced both methods and research. The conviction that the needs of handicapped children can be met best by special schools is reinforced by the successes of graduates.
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