Timeout revisited: guidelines for its use in special education

Alberto P. A. , & Troutman A. C. Applied behavior analysis for teachers. Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill, 1982.

Arp P. Grant Wood Area Education Agency position on timeout. Iowa Perspective, October 1980, 11–12.

Baer A. M. , Rowbury T. , & Baer D. M. The development of instructional control over classroom activities of deviant preschool children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1973, 6, 289–298.

Briskin A. S. , & Gardner W. I. Social reinforcement in reducing inappropriate behavior. Young Children, 1968, 24, 84–89.

Carlson C. S. , Arnold C. R. , Becker W. C. , & Madsen C. H. The elimination of tantrum behavior of a child in an elementary classroom. Behavior Research and Therapy, 1968, 6, 117–119.

Firestone P. The effects and side effects of timeout on an aggressive nursery school child. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1976, 6, 79–81.

self-stimulatory behavior by overcorrection. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1973, 6, 1–14.

Foxx R. M. , & Shapiro S. T. The timeout ribbon: A non-exclusionary timeout procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1978, 11, 125–136.

Gast D. L. , & Nelson C. M. Legal and ethical considerations for the use of timeout in special education settings. Journal of Special Education, 1977, 11, 457–467.

Grayson M.C. , Kiraly J. Jr. , & McKinnas A.J. The time-out procedure—a clarification. Iowa Perspective, January 1979, 6–9.

Henricksen K. , & Doughty R. Decelerating undesired mealtime behavior in a group of profoundly retarded boys. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1967, 72, 40–44.

Jackson C. State of Indiana draft guidelines for seclusion timeout. Iowa Perspective, October 1980, 10–11.

Kazdin A. E. Acceptability of alternate treatments for deviant child behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1980, 13, 259–273.

Kerr M. M. , & Nelson C. M. Strategies for managing behavior problems. Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill, 1983.

Kubany E. S. , Weiss L. E. , & Sloggett B. B. The good behavior clock: A reinforcement/timeout procedure for reducing disruptive classroom behavior. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1971, 1, 173–179.

Lahey B. B. , McNees M. P. , & McNees M. C. Control of an obscene “verbal tic” through timeout in an elementary school classroom. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1973, 6, 101–104.

Long N.J. , & Newman R.G. Managing surface behavior of children in school. In Long N.J. , Morse W.C. , & Newman R.G. (Eds.), Conflict in the classroom (4th ed.) Belmont, Cal.: Wadsworth, 1980.

Nelson C. M. Classroom management. In Kauffman J. M. , & Hallahan D. P. (Eds.), Handbook of special education. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Noll M. B. , & Simpson R. L. The effects of physical time-out on the aggressive behaviors of a severely emotionally disturbed child in a public school setting. AAESPH Review, 1979, 4, 399–406.

Pease G. A. , & Tyler V. O. Self-regulation of timeout duration in the modification of disruptive classroom behavior. Psychology in the Schools, 1979, 16, 101–105.

Plummer S. , Baer D. M. , & LeBlanc J. M. Functional considerations in the use of procedural timeout and an effective alternative. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 1977, 10, 689–705.

Polsgrove L. Return to baseline: Some comments on Smith's reinterpretation of seclusion timeout. Behavioral Disorders, 1982, 8, 50–52.

Porterfield J. K. , Herbert-Jackson E. , & Risley T. R. Contingent observation: An effective and acceptable procedure for reducing disruptive behavior of young children in a group setting. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1976, 9, 55–64.

Reichle J. , Brubakken D. , & Tetreault G. Eliminating perseverative speech by positive reinforcement and timeout in a psychotic child. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1976, 7, 179–183.

Rutherford R. B. Theory and research on the use of aversive procedures in the education of moderately behaviorally disordered and emotionally disturbed children and youth. In Wood F. H. , & Lakin K. C. (Eds.), Punishment and aversive stimulation in special education. Reston, Va.: Council for Exceptional Children, 1982.

Rutherford R. B. , & Neel R. S. The role of punishment with behaviorally disordered children. In Rutherford R. B. , & Prieto A. G. (Eds.), Severe behavior disorders of children and youth (Vol. 1). Reston, Va.: Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders, 1978.

Rutherford R. B. , & Nelson C. M. Analysis of the response-contingent timeout literature with behaviorally disordered students in classroom settings. In Rutherford R. B. (Ed.), Severe behavior disorders of children and youth (Vol. 5). Reston, Va.: Council for Children with Behavior Disorders, 1982.

Smith C.R. Issues to consider in the use of physical restraint and timeout procedures. Iowa Perspective, October 1980, 7–9.

Smith D. E. P. Time-out as a reduced environmental stimulation (RES): Reply to Polsgrove. Behavioral Disorders, 1982, 8, 53–54.

Solnick J. , Rincover A. , & Peterson C. R. Some determinants of the reinforcing and punishing effects of timeout. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1977, 10, 415–424.

Tyroler M. J. , & Lahey B. B. Effects of contingent observation on the disruptive behavior of a toddler in a group setting. Child Care Quarterly, 1980, 9, 265–274.

Wood F.H. , & Lakin K.C. (Eds.). Punishment and aversive stimulation in special education. Reston, Va.: Council for Exceptional Children, 1982.