A rationalist is prevailed upon to enroll in a program on meditation. During a day of silence, he begins to wonder about the concept of the self as implied in some forms of educational practice. Over the next few weeks, he identifies four doubts, which he calls a Marxian doubt, a dialectical doubt, an absurd doubt, and a moral doubt. He argues that each of these doubts has implications for the major forms of self-development programs commonly found in adult education curricula. If he is right, then a lot of education designed to promote transformative and experiential learning is flawed.
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