Transformative Learning Theory as a Guide for Spiritual Formation: A Critical Evaluation and Corrective

Abstract

This article argues that evangelical Christians can find a helpful guide in an adaptive form of Jack Mezirow's transformative learning theory (TLT) as a framework for spiritual formation. TLT, especially its emphasis on critical reflection and dialogical communities, has been positively adopted by many organizations to encourage growth; however, its underlying constructivist epistemology conflicts with the evangelical Christian belief in objective truth. The author draws from relevant scholarship, including Esther Meek's post-critical epistemology as a bridge between transformative learning and evangelical theology; the author explores the strengths and limitations of applying TLT to spiritual formation. After presenting an overview of Mezirow's phases and principles, this article critiques its constructivist foundation and offers an epistemological corrective. Grounded in Meek's adaptation of Michael Polanyi's post-critical epistemology, this corrective will stabilize the use of TLT within a biblically grounded framework that prioritizes truth, discipleship, and Christ-centered transformation.