Science by the People: Grassroots Environmental Monitoring and the Debate Over Scientific Expertise

Barker, R. , and H. Jenkins-Smith . 1993. Politics and scientific expertise: Scientists, risk perception, and nuclear waste policy. Risk Analysis 13 (6): 675-682.

Brown, P. 1993. Popular epidemiology challenges the system. Environment 35 (8): 16-20, 32-41.

Buzan, D. 1996. Texas Watch. The Volunteer Monitor 8 (1): 6-7.

Calpotura, F. , and R. Sen . 1994. PUEBLO fights lead poisoning. In Unequal Protection: Environmental Justice and Communities of Color, ed. R. Bullard . San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Colborn, T. , D. Dumanoski , and J. P. Myers . 1996. Our Stolen Future. New York: Dutton.

Commoner, B. 1973. Workplace burden. Environment 15 (4): 15-20.

Commoner, B. 1994. A turning point in the political history of dioxin. Keynote address for the Second Annual Citizens' Conference on Dioxin, St. Louis, MO, July 30. (Published in Waste Not 298 (August). Canton, NY: Work on Waste USA.)

Dutton, D. 1984. The impact of public participation in biomedical policy: Evidence from four case studies. In Citizen Participation in Science Policy, ed. J. Petersen . Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.

Edelstein, M. 1988. Contaminated Communities: The Social and Psychological Impact of Residential Toxic Exposure. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Elden, M. , and R. Chisholm . 1993. Emerging varieties of action research: Introduction to the special issue. Human Relations 46 (2): 121-142.

Ely, E. 1995. Testing the waters they know personally. California Coast and Ocean 11 (1): 24-30.

Everyone's Backyard. n.d. Falls Church, VA: Citizens Clearing House for Hazardous Waste

Gibbs, L. 1993. Join together: Organizing your community. In Chemical Alert!: A Community Action Handbook, eds. M. Legator and S. Strawn . Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.

Gottlieb, R. 1993. Forcing the Spring. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Greenwood, D. , W.W. Whyte , and I. Harkavy . 1993. Participatory action research as a process and as a goal. Human Relations 46 (2): 175-192.

Hadden, S. 1991. Public perception of hazardous waste. Risk Analysis 11 (1): 47-60.

Hamilton, C. 1994. Concerned citizens of South Central Los Angeles. In Unequal Protection: Environmental Justice and Communities of Color, ed. R. Bullard . San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Heiman, M. 1990. From 'not in my backyard!' to 'not in anybody's backyard!': Grassroots challenge to hazardous waste facility siting. Journal of the American Planning Association 65 (2): 359-362.

Heiman, M. 1996. Waste management and risk assessment: Environmental discrimination through regulation. Urban Geography 17 (5): 400-418.

Herz, M. 1992. Compliance monitoring. The Volunteer Monitor 4 (1): 8-8.

Hileman, B. 1993. Concerns broaden over chlorine and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Chemical and Engineering News April 19: 11-20.

Irwin, A. 1995. Citizen Science: A Study of People, Expertise and Sustainable Development. London: Roudedge.

Kerr, M. , E. Ely , V. Lee , and A. Desbonnet , eds. 1994a. National Directory of Volunteer Environmental Monitoring Programs. 4th edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds; University of Rhode Island Sea Grant.

Kerr, M. , E. Ely , V. Lee , and A. Desbonnet . 1994b. A profile of volunteer monitoring. The Volunteer Monitor 6 (1): 4-5.

Kirschenmann, F. 1996. Sustainable agriculture and alternative models of science. The Networker (on-line newsletter of the Science and Environment Health Network, Washington, DC) 1 (2), February.

Lee, V. 1994a. The volunteer monitoring movement: A brief history. In Proceedings Fourth National Citizens' Volunteer Monitoring Conference (April 10-14, 1994, Portland, OR). 1-2. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds.

Lee, V. 1994b. Volunteer monitoring: A brief history. The Volunteer Monitor 6 (1): 14-15.

Legator, M. 1993. You can do it too: Identification of health hazards by nonprofessionals. In Chemical Alert./: A Community Action Handbook, eds. M. Legator and S. Strawn . Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.

Legator, M. , and S. Strawn , eds. 1993. Chemical Alert!: A Community Action Handbook. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.

Lester, S. 1993. Science lessons for the real world. Everyone's Backyard (published by the Citizens Clearinghouse for Hazardous Waste) 11 (4): 16-17.

Levine, A. 1982. Love Canal: Science, Politics, and Regulation. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.

Lewis, S. , B. Keating , and D. Russell . 1992. Inconclusive by Design: Waste, Fraud and Abuse in Federal Environmental Health Research. Harvey, LA: Environmental Health Network (now at Chesapeake, VA).

Mayio, A. 1994. Volunteer data in the 305(b) report. The Volunteer Monitor 6 (1): 13-13.

Merrifield, J. 1989. Putting the scientists in their place: Participatory research in environmental and occupational health. Working paper. New Market, TN: Highlander Research and Education Center.

Montague, P. 1992. What has gone wrong?-Part 1, Congress creates a monster: The ATSDR. Rachel's Hazardous Waste News 292 (July 1).

New York City Department of Environmental Protection . n.d. (c. 1994). Greenpoint/Williamsburg Environmental Benefits Program. New York: NYCDEP Office of Environmental Quality.

New York Times. 1994. EPA affirms health dangers from dioxin. September 13:(A) 14-14.

Norris, R. 1992. Monitoring data lead to stream protection order. The Volunteer Monitor 4 (1): 4-5.

Novotny, P. 1994. Popular epidemiology and the struggle for community health: Alternative perspectives from the environmental justice movement. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 5 (2): 29-42.

O'Brien, M. 1994. A proposal to address, rather than rank, environmental problems. In Worst Things First?: The Debate Over Risk-Based National Environmental Priorities, eds. A. Finkel and D. Golding . Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.

Ozonoff, D. 1993. Science and the grassroots toxics movement: Ten years of partnership. Everyone's Backyard 11 (3): 18-19.

Park, P. 1992. The discovery of participatory research as a new scientific paradigm: Personal and intellectual accounts. The American Sociologist 23 (4): 29-43.

Petersen, J.C. , ed. 1984. Citizen Participation in Science Policy. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.

Proctor, R. 1995. Cancer Wars: How Politics Shapes What We Know and Don't Know About Cancer. New York: Basic Books.

Raffensperger, C. 1996. Editorial in The Networker (the on-line newsletter of the Science and Environmental Health Network, Washington, DC) 1 (2), February.

Reilly, W.K. 1991. Why I propose a national debate on risk. EPA Journal 17 (2): 2-5.

Sayer, A. 1992. Method in Social Science: A Realist Approach. London: Rouiledge.

Schwab, J. 1994. Deeper Shades of Green: The Rise of Blue-Collar and Minority Environmentalism in America. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Sclove, R. 1995. Democracy and Technology. New York: Guilford.

Stancioff, E. 1991. Doing your own lab analysis for fecal coliforms. The Volunteer Monitor 3 (1): 10-11.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1996. EPA Volunteer Monitoring (on-line newsletter, July: 1).

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development . 1988. Technical Support Document on Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development.

U.S. General Accounting Office . 1991. Superfiund: Public Health Assessments Incomplete and of Questionable Value. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Winner, L. 1991. Risk: Another name for danger. In Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Environmental Issues, 4th edition, ed. T. Goldfarb . Guilford, CT: Dushkin.

Work on Waste . 1994. The 2nd citizens' conference on Dioxin. Waste Not 296-296, October. (Published by Work on Waste USA, Canton, NY)