Abstract
We tested Jane Jacobs’ seminal finding—industry diversity and walkability contribute to urban innovation—at the walkable scale using the cases of Baltimore, United States, and Melbourne, Australia. We found that walkable urban form stimulates knowledge spillovers among workers of different industries, leading to innovation. One standard deviation increase in industry diversity in one-square-kilometer grids is associated with 1.3 to 3.4 more patent applications in Baltimore, and 0.4 to 0.9 more in Melbourne. If combined with a standard deviation increase in walkability, these benefits can be further magnified by 0.5 to 1.1 patent applications in Baltimore, and 0.2 in Melbourne.
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