The Correlates of War (COW) project is a unique research project that has been central to the world politics research community for thirty-six years. Since its founding by J. David Singer at the University of Michigan in 1964, the project has contributed significantly to the scientific study of war and conflict. In this article, we provide a historical summary of the COW research program through a selected bibliography of its published scholarship in four stages from 1964 to 2000.
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References
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(1976 ). "The Correlates of War Project: Continuity, Diversity, and Convergence" In Quantitative International Politics: An Appraisal , eds. Fancis Hoole and Dina Zinnes: 21-66. New York: Praeger.
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_( 1980). "The Costs of Combat: Death, Duration, and Defeat" In The Correlates of War II: Testing Some Realpolitik Models, ed. J. David Singer: 233-257. New York: Free Press.
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( 1977). "Realpolitik, Arbitrations, and the Use of Force: The European Experience, 1816-1970." Peace Science Society (International) Papers, 27: 77-87.
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80.
Sabrosky, Alan N. (1975). "From Bosnia to Sarajevo: A Comparative Discussion of Interstate Crises." Journal of Conflict Resolution, 19 (1): 3-24. Reprinted in Singer and Associates (1979). Explaining War (139-157).
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( 1980). "Interstate Alliances: Their Reliability and the Expansion of War" In The Correlates of War II: Testing Some Realpolitik Models, ed. J. David Singer: 161-198. New York: Free Press.
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85.
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( 1979). "Conflict in the International System, 1816-1977: Historical Trends and Policy Futures" In Challenges to America: U.S. Foreign Policy in the 1980s, eds. Charles W. Kegley Jr. and Patrik McGowan: 89-115. Beverly Hills, CA.: Sage.
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( 1973). War and Rank Among Nations. Lexington, MA.: Lexington Books.
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( 1980). "Some Persisting Findings: A Reply to Professor Weede ." Journal of Conflict Resolution, 24 (2): 289-292.
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98.
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99.
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100.
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101.
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_( 1987). "Conceptualizing War: A Reply." Journal of Conflict Resolution, 31 (2): 370-382.
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( 1989 [1993]). "The Contribution of Expected Utility Theory to Understanding of International Conflict" In Handbook of War Studies, ed. Manus I. Midlarsky: 143-169. Boston : Unwin-Hyman (Ann Arbor, MI .: University of Michigan Press).
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108.
Sabrosky, Alan N. (1985). "Introduction: Polarity and War." In Polarity and War: The Changing Structure of International Cortflict, ed. Alan N. Sabrosky: 1-5. Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.
109.
Singer, J. David (1982). "Confrontational Behavior and Escalation to War: 1816-1980: A Research Plan" Journal of Peace Research, 19 (1): 37-48.
110.
( 1989). "The Making of a Peace Researcher." In Journeys through World Politics, eds. James N. Rosenau and Joseph Kruzel: 213-230. Lexington, MA.: Lexington Books.
111.
( 1989[1993]). "System Structure, Decision Process, and the Incidence of International War" In Handbook of War Studies, ed. Manus I. Midlarsky: 1-21. Boston : Unwin-Hyman (Ann Arbor, MI .: University of Michigan Press). Reprinted in Singer ed. (1990). Models, Methods, and Progress in World Politics (238-255).
112.
Singer J. David, ed. (1990). Models, Methods, and Progress in World Politics. Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.
113.
Siverson, Randolph M., and Paul F. Diehl (1989[1993]). "Arms Races, the Conflict Spiral, and the Onset of War" In Handbook of War Studies, ed. Manus I. Midlarsky: 195-218. Boston : Unwin-Hyman (Ann Arbor MI. : University of Michigan Press).
114.
Vasquez, John A. (1987). "The Steps to War: Toward a Scientific Explanation of Correlates of War Findings." World Politics, 40 (1): 108-145. Reprinted in Vasquez and Henehan, eds. (1992[1999]). The Scientific Study of Peace and War (343-369) .
115.
Wayman, Frank W., and J. David Singer (1990). "Evolution and Directions for Improvement in the Correlates of War Project Methodologies." In Measuring the Correlates of War, eds. J. David Singer and Paul F. Diehl: 247-267. Ann Arbor, MI.: University of Michigan Press.
116.
Gochman, Charles S., and Russell J. Leng (1988). "Militarized Disputes, Incidents, and Crises: Identification and Classification" International Interactions, 14 (2): 157-163.
117.
Gochman, Charles S., and Zeev Maoz (1984). "Militarized Interstate Disputes, 1816-1976: Procedures, Patterns, and Insights" Journal of Conflict Resolution, 28 (4): 585-616. Reprinted in Singer and Diehl, eds. (1990). Meastiritig the Correlates of War (193-221).
118.
Goertz, Gary, and Paul F. Diehl (1986). "Measuring Military Allocations: A Comparison of Different Approaches." Journal of Conflict Resolution, 30 (3): 553-581. Reprinted in Singer and Diehl, eds. (1990). Measuring the Correlates of War (73-95).
119.
Leng, Russell J., and J. David Singer (1988). "Militarized Interstate Crises: The BCOW Typology and its Applications." International Studies Quarterly, 32 (2) : 155-173. Reprinted in Singer and Diehl, eds. (1990). Measuring the Correlates of War (223-244).
120.
Maoz, Zeev (1988). "Conflict Data Sets: Definitions and Measurement ." International Interactions, 14 (2): 165-171.
121.
Singer, J. David (1982). "Variables, Indicators, and Data: The Measurement Problem in Macropolitical Research." Social Science History, 6 (2): 181-217. Reprinted in Singer ed. (1990). Models, Methods, and Progress in World Politics (110-133); Singer and Diehl , eds. ( 1990). Measuring the Correlates of War (3-28).
122.
( 1988). "Reconstructing the Correlates of War Data Set on Material Capabilities of States, 1816-1985." International Interactions , 14 (2): 115-132. Reprinted in Singer and Diehl, eds. (1990). Measuring the Correlates of War (53-71).
123.
Singer, J. David and Paul F. Diehl, eds. (1990). Measuring the Correlates of War. Ann Arbor, MI.: University of Michigan Press.
124.
Small, Melvin, and J. David Singer (1982). Resort to Arms: International and Civil Wars, 1816-1980. Beverly Hills, CA.: Sage.
125.
Wallace, Michael D. (1985). "Polarization: Toward a Scientific Conception ." In Polarity and War: The Changing Structure of International System, ed. Alan N. Sabrosky: 95-113. Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.
126.
Wayman, Frank W., and T. Clifton Morgan (1990). "Measuring Polarity in the International System." In Measuring the Correlates of War , eds. J. David Singer and Paul F. Diehl: 139-156. Ann Arbor, MI.: University of Michigan Press.
127.
Altfeld, Michael F., and Alan N. Sabrosky (1990). "Indicators of Power: National Versus Battlefield Capabilities in the Post-1945 Era" In Prisoners of War? Nation-States in the Modern Era, eds. Charles S. Gochman and Alan N. Sabrosky : 257-270. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
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Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce (1981). War Trap. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
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( 1981). "Risk, Power Distributions and the Likelihood of War ." International Studies Quarterly, 25 (4): 541-568.
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( 1983). "An Expected Utility Explanation of Conflict Escalation ." In Conflict Processes and the Breakdown of International Systems, ed. Dina A. Zinnes. Denver Monograph Series in World Affairs, 20 (2): 47-60.
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( 1985). "The War Trap Revisited: A Revised Expected Utility Model ." American Political Scieitce Review, 79 (1): 156-177.
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( 1990). "Bid Wars, Little Wars: Avoiding Selection Bias." International Interactions, 16 (3): 159-169.
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( 1988). "Empirical Support for Systemic and Dyadic Explanations of International Conflict." World Politics, 41 (1): 1-20.
136.
( 1988). "Arms Races and the Opportunity for Peace." Synthese, 76 (2): 263-283.
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( 1989). "Dyadic Power, Expectations, and War." In Power in World Politics, eds. Richard J. Stoll and Michael D. Ward: 177-192. Boulder, CO.: Lynne Rienner.
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( 1990). "Dyadic Power, Expectations, and War." In Prisoners of War? Natioiz-States in the Modern Era, eds. Charles S. Gochman and Alan N. Sabrosky: 161-175. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
139.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, and Grace Iusi Scarborough (1988). "Threat and Alignment Behavior ." International Interactions, 14 (2): 85-93.
140.
Cusack, Thomas R., and Wolf-Dieter Eberwein (1982). "Prelude to War: Incidence, Escalation and Intervention in International Disputes, 1900-1976" International Interactions, 9 (1): 9-28.
141.
Cusack, Thomas R., and Richard J. Stoll (1990). "Rationality's Reward in a Warring State System." In Prisoners of War? Nation-States in the Modern Era, eds. Charles S. Gochman and Alan N. Sabrosky: 191-206. Lexington, MA.: Lexington Books.
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