This article reviews relevant urban regime theory literature and integrates it with new ideas about local government roles and citizen participation from the social movements and new political culture perspectives. Six regime types are formulated not only from these literatures but also from an examination of state government legislation that has encouraged cities to adopt both supply- and demand-side policies, to require contracts stipulating business obligations to government in return for subsidies, to permit or require citizen referenda on development issues and, in some cases, to target new jobs for minorities or low-income households. Additionally, this analysis relates each regime's formation and maintenance to particular group interests and decision-making institutions. Regimes are classified in terms of governmental and market roles in achieving efficiency and equity goals in economic development policy-making.
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