Heat Transfer of a Smoldering Flammable Substrate. Part 2. A Theoretical Model and Its Application

Abstract

This paper is the second part of two describing the development of a theoretical model for the heat transfer of a flammable substrate. The mathe matical model presented in Part 1 of this series of papers is the first known suc cessful attempt to describe the interaction between a cigarette and a substrate analytically.

The calculated distribution profile of temperature approximates the experi mental results measured using thermocouples. Then, the predicted temperature distribution in the substrate was fit to the corresponding measured values with a nonlinear, least-squares fitting routine to obtain a net heat flux from the moving heat source to the substrate. The average of heat flux from the burning cigarette to the substrate through the window is approximately 1.56 ± 0.01 cal/(s cm²).