Verbal IQ (VIQ) minus Performance IQ (PIQ) discrepancies were examined for the mainland Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC), using the urban standardization sample as the data source. At the .05 level of significance, a 14-point discrepancy was required; 18 points were needed at the .01 level. The occurrence of reliable discrepancies, regardless of direction, was not related meaningfully to gender or age, although significant relationships were obtained with years of education and intelligence level. When the Chinese sample was compared with American subjects from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) normative group, cross-cultural similarities and differences in VIQ-PIQ relationships were demonstrated. Interpretative strategies developed on the WAIS-R may not generalize to the WAIS-RC.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Anastasi, A. (1988). Psychological testing (6th ed.). New York: Macmillan.
2.
Bornstein, R. A., Suga, L., & Prifitera, A. (1987). Incidence of Verbal IQ-Performance IQ discrepancies at various levels of education. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 387-389.
3.
Ching, C. C. (1980). Psychology in the People's Republic of China. American Psychologist, 35, 1084-1089.
4.
Chu, G. C. (1967). Sex differences in persuasibility factors among Chinese. International Journal of Psychology, 2, 283-288.
5.
Dai, X. Y., Gong, Y. X., & Zhong, L. (1990). Factor analysis of the mainland Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Psychological Assessment. A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2, 31-34.
6.
Dai, X. Y., Ryan, J. J., Paolo, A. M., & Harrington, R. G. (1990). Factor analysis of the mainland Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC) in a brain-damaged sample. International Journal of Neuroscience, 55, 107-111.
7.
Dai, X. Y., Ryan, J. J., Paolo, A. M., & Harrington, R. G. (1991). Sex differences on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised for China. Psychological Assessment. A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 3, 282-284.
8.
Doerr, H. O., & Storrie, M. C. (1982). Neuropsychological testing in the People's Republic of China: The Halstead-Reitan Seattle/Changsha Project. Clinical Neuropsychology, 4, 49-51.
9.
Gong, Y. X. (1982). Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale: Chinese Revision. Changsha, Hunan, China: Hunan Medical College.
10.
Guilford, J. P. (1954). Psychometric methods (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
11.
Hsu, F. L. K. (1981). American and Chinese: Passage to differences. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
12.
Huang, L. C., & Harris, M. D. (1973). Conformity in Chinese and Americans: A field experiment. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 4, 427-434.
13.
Kagitcibasi, C., & Berry, J. W. (1989). Cross-cultural psychology: Current research and trends. Annual Review of Psychology, 40, 493-531.
14.
Lowry, K., & Wolf, C. (1988). Arts education in the People's Republic of China: Results of interviews with Chinese musicians and visual artists. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 22, 89-98.
15.
Matarazzo, J. D., Bornstein, R. A., McDermott, P. A., & Noonan, J. V. (1986). Verbal IQ vs. Performance IQ difference scores in males and females from the WAIS-R standardization sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 965-974.
16.
Matarazzo, J. D., & Herman, D. O. (1984). Base rate date for the WAIS-R: Test-retest stability and VIQ-PIQ differences. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6, 351-366.
17.
Matarazzo, J. D., & Herman, D. O. (1985). Clinical uses of the WAIS-R: Base rates of differences between VIQ-PIQ in the WAIS-R standardization sample. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence: Theories, measurements, and applications (pp. 899-932). New York: John Wiley.
18.
Ryan, J. J., Dai, X. Y., & Paolo, A. M. (1992). Intersubtest scatter on the Mainland Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Psychological Assessment, 4, 60-62.
19.
Ryan, J. J., Dai, X. Y., Paolo, A. M., & Harrington, R. G. (1992). Factor analysis of the Chinese Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC) with mentally retarded persons. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 97, 111-114.
20.
Sattler, J. M. (1988). Assessment of children (3rd ed.). San Diego, CA: Author.
21.
Silverstein, A. B. (1981). Reliability and abnormality of test score differences. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37, 392-394.
22.
Stigler, J. W., & Perry, M. (1988). Mathematics learning in Japanese, Chinese and American classrooms. New Directions for Child Development, 41, 27-54.
23.
Wechsler, D. (1955). WAIS manual: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Psychological Corporation.
24.
Wechsler, D. (1958). The measurement and apprraisal of adult intelligence (4th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
25.
Wechsler, D. (1981). WAIS-R manual: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.
