Pyrolysis and combustion of industrial hemp,coal and their blends for thermal analysis by thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier transform infrared spectrometer

Abstract

In this study, the thermal behaviours of Cannabis sativa (CS), coal and their five different blends at a heating rate (β) of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C min⁻¹; the synergistic effects between CS and coal; and the distribution of gases formed during pyrolysis and combustion were investigated by using the thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (TGA/FTIR) integrated system. The TG and DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of pyrolysis and combustion of all feedstocks at all β values had three main decomposition stages. The synergistic effect was observed for DTG_max, mass loss (ML), or final residue (FR) at least once at a given β of each blend; and the synergy was more effective for DTG_max and ML in pyrolysis than in combustion, whereas the opposite was true for FR. The lowest emissions of CO2, CH4, NO _x and SO2 except CO during pyrolysis occurred at the blend of 0% CS + 100% Coal. However, the highest emissions of CO, CH4, NO _x and SO2 except CO2 during combustion were observed at the blend of 80% CS + 20% Coal. The emissions of CO, CO₂, NO _x and SO₂ from all samples during pyrolysis were lower than that of combustion, indicating that pyrolysis can be preferred due to its lower emission to the environment. Different structural properties of CS, coal and their blends caused different thermal behaviours, synergistic effects and gas products during pyrolysis and combustion by TGA/FTIR, suggesting detailed further investigation for upper-scale pyrolysis and combustion applications.