Sixteen zeolites and 5 activated carbons were tested for the removal of nickel, zinc, cadmium, copper, chromium, and cobalt from waste simulants mimicking effluents produced in metal plating plants. The best performances were obtained from 4 zeolites: A, X, L, and ferrierite types and from 2 carbon types made from lignite and peat. The distribution coefficients for these sorbents were in the range of 10,000-440,000 ml/g. Column experiments showed that the most effective zeolites for Zn, Ni, Cu, and Cd were A and X type zeolites. The activated carbons, Hydrodarco 3000 and Norit Row Supra, exhibited good sorption properties for metals in aqueous solutions containing complexing agents.
Baacke, M. & Kiss, A. (1990) Zeolites. In: K.Dorfner (ed) Ion Exchangers. Berlin, Germany: de Gruyter. p. 473.
2.
Bansal, R. C., Donnet, J. B. & Stoecli, F. (1988) Active Carbon. Marcel New York, NY, USA: Dekker Inc.
3.
Cushnie, G. C. Jr. (1994) Pollution Prevention and Control Technology for Plating Operations. Michigan, USA: National Center for Manufacturing Sciences.
4.
Detrisac, M. A. (1991) Treatable cleaners. Metal Finishing. xx(xx), 15-18
5.
Hosea, J. M., Nelis, P. M. & Mayne, M. D. (1988) Metal Recovery by Ion Exchange - Five Crucial Issues. Metal Finishing86(10), 67-70
6.
Koivula, R., Lehto, J., Pajo, L., Gale, T. and Leinonen, H. (2000) Purification of Metal Plating Rinse Waters with Chelating Ion Exchangers. Hydrometallurgy56, 93-108
7.
Lehto, J., Streat, M., Höll, W., Dale, J., Greig, J. & Yli-Pentti, A. (1998) Development of Advanced Ion Exchange Methods for the Removal of Toxic Metals from Metallurgical Waste Effluents. In: Proceedings of the TRAWMAR Workshop on Heavy Metals Removal from Liquid Effluents, Waste Incineration and Generic Technologies for Recycling. Rhodes, Greece, 21-23 September.
8.
Lehto, J., Leinonen, H., Koivula R., Outola, P., Yli-Pentti, A. & Karppinen, T. (1999) Removal of Toxic Heavy Metals from Metallurgical Waste Effluents with Chelating Ion Exchange Resins. In: Proceedings of Global Symposium on Recycling, Waste Treatment and Clean Technology REWAS-99, San Sebastian, Spain, 5th-9th September 1999.
9.
Lurie, J. (1975) Handbook of Analytical Chemistry. Moscow, Russia: Mir Publishers.
10.
Marcus, Y. (1991) Thermodynamics of Solvation of Ions Part 5. - Gibs Free Energy of Hydration at 298.15 K. J.Chem.Soc.Faraday Trans.87(18), 2995-2999
11.
Melling, W. & West, D.W. (1984) A comparative study of some chelating ion exchange rasins for aplications in hydrometallurgy. In: D. Naden & M. Streat (eds) Ion Exchange Technology. Chichester, UK: Ellis Horwood Limited Publishers. p.724.
12.
Pajunen, P. (1995) Hard Chrome Bath Purification and Recovery Using Ion Exchange. Metal Finishing93(11) 40-45.
13.
Sengupta, A. K., Zhu, Y. & Hauze, D. (1991) Metal [II] Ion Binding onto Chelating Exchangers With Nitrogen Donor Atoms: Some New Observations and Related Implications. Environ.Sci.Technol.25, 481-488.
