Qualitative methods add value to waste characterization studies

Abstract

In order to develop effective waste management plans for a community, an understanding of the composition and quantity of waste in question is required. Quantitative research methods, such as traditional waste characterization studies, have typically been used to provide relevant data. Purely quantitative methods, however, involve limitations. The purpose of this paper is to describe the integration of qualitative methods, such as open-ended interviews and field observation, with quantitative waste characterizations to study communities' waste streams. In a test study at Madeline Island, Wisconsin (USA), many benefits were realized using this integrated approach to waste stream analysis. Benefits relating specifically to the data collection process include the discovery of: new information, site specific details, explanations of waste stream conditions, and potential solutions for reusing, reducing and recycling currently disposed waste materials. The incorporation of qualitative methods was also beneficial in decreasing research biases and provided the added value of increasing community members' awareness of their waste through engaging them in the research process. Detriments of the integrated approach generally rest on cost, yet potential solutions to this issue also exist.