Development and Characterization of Amine Terminated Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Benzoate Modified Epoxy and E Glass Fiber Composites

Abstract

The E glass woven fabrics have been used as a reinforcing agent with amine terminated poly(ethylene glycol) benzoate (ATPEGB) modified epoxy as a matrix, for the preparation of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites. The composite materials so obtained were subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis at a fixed frequency of 1 Hz. The volume fraction of glass was about 0.45. The concentration of ATPEGB in the matrix was varied gradually from 0 to 30 phr (phr stands for parts per hundred parts of resin). To investigate the effect of ATPEGB concentration on the dynamic mechanical properties of the composites, it was found that the tan δ peak temperature and storage modulus gradually decrease with incorporation of ATPEGB. However, the tan δ peak value increases upto 10 phr of ATPEGB concentration and decreases thereafter. Flexural strength of the composites increases slightly up to 10 phr of ATPEGB concentration and decreases thereafter. However, the impact strength of the composites increases significantly up to 10 phr of ATPEGB concentration and decreases thereafter. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the fracture surface indicates massive plastic deformation in modified epoxy-based composites.

Keywords

FRP composites dynamic mechanical analysis glass fiber epoxy resin.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Drzal, L.T. ( 1986). The Interphase in Epoxy Composites, Adv. Polym. Sci., 75: 1-32.

Baker, A.A. ( 1990). Repair Techniques for Composite Structures, In: Middleton, D. H. (ed.), Composite Materials in Aircraft Structures, pp. 207-227, Longman Scientific & Technical , New York.

Murayama, T. ( 1978). Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Polymeric Material, Elsevier Publishers, New York.

Murayama, T. ( 1986). Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, p. 299 , Wiley, New York.

Tregub, A. , Harel, H. , Marom, G. and Migliaresi, C. ( 1993). The Influence of the Thermal History on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials, Comp. Sci. Technol., 48: 185-190.

Cavalho, W.S. and Bretas, R.E.S. (1990). Thermoplastic/Carbon Fibre Composites: Correlation between Interphase Morphology and Dynamic Mechanical Properties, Eur. Polym. J., 26: 817.

Dong, S. and Gauvin, R. ( 2004). Application of Dynamic Mechanical Analysis for the Study of the Interfacial Region in Carbonfiber/Epoxy Composite Materials, Polym . Compos., 14: 414-420.

Chua, P.S. ( 1987). Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Studies of the Interphase, Polym. Compos., 8: 308.

Thompson, J.L. (1990). Investigation of Composite Interphase using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: Artifacts and Reality, Polym . Compos., 11: 105.

10.

Ghosh, P. and Bose, N.R. ( 1995). FRP Composites Based on Different Types of Glass Fibers and Matrix Resins: A Comparative Study, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 58: 217.

11.

Ghosh, P. , Bose, N.R. , Mitra, B.C. and Das, S. ( 1997). Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of FRP Composites Based on Different Fiber Reinforcements and Epoxy Resin as the Matrix Material, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 64: 246.

12.

Ratna, D. , Patri, M. , Chakraborty, B.C. and Deb, P.C. ( 1997). Amine-terminated Polysulfone as Modifier for Epoxy Resin , J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 65: 901.

13.

Ratna, D. , Chakraborty, B.C. and Deb, P.C. ( 1997). Carboxyl Terminated Polyethylene Glycol Adipate Modified Epoxy Network. I. Synthesis and Thermal Characterization, J. Polym Mater, 14: 189.

14.

Sasidharan Achary, P. , Gouri, C. and Ramamurty, R. (1991). Carboxyl-terminated Poly (propylene glycol) Adipate-modified Room Temperature Curing Epoxy Adhesive for Elevated Temperature Service Environment, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 42: 743.

15.

Romanchick, W.A. , Sohn, J.E. and Gaibel, J.F. (1983). Epoxy Resins Chemistry II, In: Bauer, R. S. (ed.), Advances in Chemistry Series 221, p. 93, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.

16.

Theocaris, P.S. and Papanicolaou , G.C. (1980). Variation of Glass Transition Temperature with Direction in Unidirectional Glass Fiber-reinforced Composites, Colloid Polym. Sci., 258: 1044.

17.

Gupta, V.B. , Drzal, L.T. , Lee, C.Y.C. and Rich, M.J. (1985). The Effects of Stoichiometry and Structure on the Dynamic Torsional Properties of a Cured Epoxy Resin System , J. Macromol. Sci., Phys B, 23: 435.

18.

Arola, D. and Ranula, M. ( 1994). Machining-induced Surface Texture Effects on the Flexural Properties of a Graphite/Epoxy Laminate, Composite, 25: 822.

19.

Xian, X.J. and Choy, C.L. ( 1995). The Interlaminar Fracture Behaviour and Toughening Mechanisms of New Carbon Fibre-reinforced Bismaleimide Composites, Composite , 26: 33.