In this stratified random sample of 98 married full-time and reduced-hours female physicians with children, the authors tested the hypothesis that the relationship between work hours and marital-role quality would be mediated by the proportion of low-schedule-control household tasks performed by the physicians. The hypothesis was supported: Physicians working longer hours reported higher marital-role quality than those working fewer hours to the extent that they performed fewer low-schedule-control household tasks than did their reduced-hours counter-parts. Conversely, reduced-hours physicians, who, on average, performed more low-schedule-control tasks, reported lower marital-role quality.
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